澳大利亚成年人牙痛体验中的社会经济梯度：1994 年至 2013 年的时间趋势分析。

Socioeconomic gradients in toothache experience among Australian adults: A time trend analysis from 1994 to 2013.

机构信息

Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.

出版信息

Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2019 Aug;47(4):324-332. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12461. Epub 2019 May 2.

DOI:10.1111/cdoe.12461

PMID:31044449

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To identify time trend pattern in toothache and to estimate whether toothache prevalence differs by socioeconomic position and residential location over time.

METHODS

Data from nine successive National Dental Telephone Interview Surveys (NDTIS) from 1994 (n = 6907) to 2013 (n = 6778) performed in Australia among individuals aged 15 years or over were used. The dependent variable was toothache reported very often, often or sometimes during the previous 12 months. Independent variables were age group, household income (tertiles), insurance/cardholder status and geographical remoteness. Prais-Winsten analyses were performed, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) for toothache prevalence was estimated.

RESULTS

Toothache affected slightly more than 10% of the overall population in 1994 (11.6%) and 1995 (11.4%), reaching approximately one-sixth (16.2%) of individuals in 2013. Overall, there was a significant increase in toothache prevalence over time (AAPC = 2.0% [95% CI 0.7;1.34]) and in those aged 25-44 (AAPC 2.1% [95% CI 0.6;3.6]) and 45-64 (AAPC 3.4% [95% CI 1.5;5.3]) years and markedly among those in the lowest income group (AAPC 3.4% [95% CI 0.1;6.7]). All geographic locations except for remote/very remote areas had upward toothache prevalence over time. Insured status was not associated with increased toothache prevalence during the investigated period.

CONCLUSIONS

Toothache prevalence increased from 1994 to 2013 in Australian adults particularly among the lowest socioeconomic group.

摘要

目的

确定牙痛的时间趋势模式，并估计牙痛的患病率是否随时间推移而因社会经济地位和居住地点的不同而有所差异。

方法

使用了澳大利亚在 1994 年（n=6907）至 2013 年（n=6778）期间进行的九项连续全国牙科电话访谈调查（NDTIS）中年龄在 15 岁及以上个体的数据。因变量为过去 12 个月内经常、经常或有时报告的牙痛。自变量为年龄组、家庭收入（三分位数）、保险/持卡人身份和地理位置偏远程度。进行了普赖斯-温斯坦分析，并估计了牙痛患病率的年平均百分比变化（AAPC）。

结果

1994 年（11.6%）和 1995 年（11.4%），牙痛略影响了超过 10%的总人口，而到 2013 年，约有六分之一（16.2%）的个体受到影响。总体而言，随着时间的推移，牙痛患病率呈显著上升趋势（AAPC=2.0%[95%CI 0.7;1.34]），在 25-44 岁（AAPC 2.1%[95%CI 0.6;3.6]）和 45-64 岁（AAPC 3.4%[95%CI 1.5;5.3]）年龄组中尤为明显，而在收入最低的组中增幅更为明显（AAPC 3.4%[95%CI 0.1;6.7]）。除偏远/非常偏远地区外，所有地理位置的牙痛患病率均呈上升趋势。在调查期间，保险状况与牙痛患病率的增加无关。