Bhatt Garima, Goel Sonu
Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
Natl Med J India. 2018 May-Jun;31(3):172-175. doi: 10.4103/0970-258X.255763.
Globally, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for 38 million (68%) of the world's 56 million deaths, of which 28 million occur in low- and middle-income countries. Tobacco use is a major preventable and modifiable behavioural risk factor for NCDs. It takes annually a toll of over 7 million people and by 2030, it is anticipated to kill over 8 million people every year. Internationally, WHO has advocated the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and MPOWER policy to combat the tobacco epidemic. As part of its global commitment towards tobacco control, the Government of India has enacted a comprehensive law, namely Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act, in 2003, for governing tobacco control in the country followed by launching of the National Tobacco Control Programme for its effective implementation along with strengthening of tobacco cessation facilities at national and sub-national levels. As per the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancers, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke, there is a provision of screening of risk factors for NCDs (including tobacco) besides providing treatment and behavioural advice for NCDs. However, presently, tobacco cessation services for NCD patients are under-utilized, probably due to lack of a skilled and dedicated workforce. Delivery of effective patient-centric, disease-specific, culturally sensitive tobacco cessation services at an NCD clinic might efficiently reduce complications of NCDs among patients using tobacco and might further reduce morbidity and mortality attributable to NCDs in India.
在全球范围内，非传染性疾病（NCDs）导致了全球5600万例死亡中的3800万例（68%），其中2800万例发生在低收入和中等收入国家。烟草使用是导致非传染性疾病的一个主要可预防和可改变的行为风险因素。它每年造成超过700万人死亡，到2030年，预计每年将导致超过800万人死亡。在国际上，世界卫生组织倡导《烟草控制框架公约》和MPOWER政策来应对烟草流行问题。作为其对烟草控制的全球承诺的一部分，印度政府于2003年颁布了一项全面法律，即《香烟和其他烟草制品法》，以管理该国的烟草控制，随后启动了国家烟草控制计划以有效实施该法律，并在国家和次国家层面加强戒烟设施。根据《国家癌症、糖尿病、心血管疾病和中风预防与控制计划》，除了为非传染性疾病提供治疗和行为建议外，还规定对非传染性疾病（包括烟草）的风险因素进行筛查。然而，目前，非传染性疾病患者的戒烟服务未得到充分利用，这可能是由于缺乏熟练且专注的工作人员。在非传染性疾病诊所提供以患者为中心、针对特定疾病、具有文化敏感性的有效戒烟服务，可能会有效降低吸烟的非传染性疾病患者的非传染性疾病并发症，并可能进一步降低印度因非传染性疾病导致的发病率和死亡率。
