个人和专业经验对医院员工开展以患者为中心的痴呆症护理的重要性：一项在英国医院病房中使用自由列表法的横断面访谈研究。
Importance of personal and professional experience for hospital staff in person-centred dementia care: a cross-sectional interview study using freelisting in a UK hospital ward.
机构信息
Specialist Older Adults Psychology, The Retreat, York, UK.
Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 May 1;9(4):e025655. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025655.
OBJECTIVE
To detail how hospital staff with differing personal and professional caregiving experiences approach the care of patients with dementia, in order to make practical recommendations for practice.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional qualitative interviews.
SETTING
A UK hospital ward providing dementia care.
PARTICIPANTS
A complete hospital ward staff team, constituting 47 hospital staff from 10 professions.
METHODS
Hospital staff were asked to list their approaches to emotion-focused care in individual, ethnographic freelisting interviews. Cultural consensus analysis was used to detail variations in approaches to dementia care between staff subgroups.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The most salient listed descriptions of care emphasised by staff members with personal experience of dementia caregiving when compared with staff members without such experience, and descriptions from staff newer to the profession compared with staff with more years of professional dementia caregiving experience.
RESULTS
Subgroups of hospital staff showed different patterns of responses both in how they noticed the emotional distress of patients with dementia, and in prioritised responses that they deemed to work. Hospital staff with professional experience of dementia caregiving and staff with fewer years of professional experience prioritised mutual communication and getting to know each patient.
CONCLUSIONS
Subgroups of hospital staff with personal caregiving experiences and fewer years of professional care experience were more likely to describe person-centred care as their routine ways of working with patients with dementia. It is recommended that personal experience and the novice curiosity of hospital staff be considered as valuable resources that exist within multidisciplinary staff teams that could enhance staff training to improve the hospital care for patients with dementia.
目的
详细描述具有不同个人和专业护理经验的医院工作人员如何照顾痴呆症患者，以便为实践提出切实可行的建议。
设计
横断面定性访谈。
地点
一家提供痴呆症护理的英国医院病房。
参与者
一个完整的医院病房工作人员团队，由来自 10 个专业的 47 名医院工作人员组成。
方法
要求医院工作人员在个人、人种志自由列表访谈中列出他们对以情感为中心的护理的方法。文化共识分析用于详细描述工作人员亚组之间对痴呆症护理方法的差异。
主要结果测量
与没有痴呆症护理经验的工作人员相比，具有个人痴呆症护理经验的工作人员在单独列出的护理描述中强调了最突出的方面，与专业痴呆症护理经验较少的工作人员相比，专业经验较多的工作人员也强调了这些方面。
结果
医院工作人员的亚组在注意到痴呆症患者的情绪困扰的方式以及他们认为有效的优先响应方式上表现出不同的反应模式。具有痴呆症护理专业经验的医院工作人员和专业经验较少的工作人员优先考虑相互沟通和了解每位患者。
结论
具有个人护理经验和专业护理经验较少的医院工作人员亚组更有可能将以患者为中心的护理描述为他们与痴呆症患者日常工作的方式。建议将个人经验和医院工作人员的新手好奇心视为多学科工作人员团队中存在的有价值资源，以增强工作人员培训，改善医院对痴呆症患者的护理。
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