MARETEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
Grumets Research Group, Department of Geography, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici B, Campus de la UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2019 May 2;9(1):6826. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-43330-3.
Biodiversity monitoring at simultaneously fine spatial resolutions and large spatial extents is needed but limited by operational trade-offs and costs. Open-access data may be cost-effective to address those limitations. We test the use of open-access satellite imagery (NDVI texture variables) and biodiversity data, assembled from GBIF, to investigate the relative importance of variables of habitat extent and structure as indicators of bird community richness and dissimilarity in the Alentejo region (Portugal). Results show that, at the landscape scale, forest bird richness is better indicated by the availability of tree cover in the overall landscape than by the extent or structure of the forest habitats. Open-land birds also respond to landscape structure, namely to the spectral homogeneity and size of open-land patches and to the presence of perennial vegetation amid herbaceous habitats. Moreover, structure variables were more important than climate variables or geographic distance to explain community dissimilarity patterns at the regional scale. Overall, summer imagery, when perennial vegetation is more discernible, is particularly suited to inform indicators of forest and open-land bird community richness and dissimilarity, while spring imagery appears to be also useful to inform indicators of open-land bird richness.
需要在精细的空间分辨率和大的空间范围内同时进行生物多样性监测，但受到操作权衡和成本的限制。开放获取的数据可能具有成本效益，可以解决这些限制。我们测试了使用开放获取的卫星图像（NDVI 纹理变量）和从 GBIF 汇编的生物多样性数据，以调查栖息地范围和结构变量作为指示物在葡萄牙阿尔加维地区鸟类群落丰富度和相似性的相对重要性。结果表明，在景观尺度上，森林鸟类的丰富度由整个景观中树木覆盖的可用性来更好地表示，而不是由森林栖息地的范围或结构来表示。开阔地鸟类也对景观结构做出响应，即对开阔地斑块的光谱均一性和大小以及草本生境中多年生植被的存在做出响应。此外，结构变量比气候变量或地理距离更重要，可以解释区域尺度上群落相似性模式。总体而言，夏季图像（当多年生植被更容易辨别时）特别适合提供森林和开阔地鸟类群落丰富度和相似性的指示物，而春季图像似乎也可用于提供开阔地鸟类丰富度的指示物。
