Cryer James, Wynne Felicity, Price Stephen J, Puschendorf Robert
School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK University of Plymouth Plymouth United Kingdom.
UCL Genetics Institute, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK UCL Genetics Institute London United Kingdom.
Zookeys. 2019 Apr 11;838:49-69. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.838.29635. eCollection 2019.
is a species of ranid frog distributed from southern Honduras to Panama. This species suffered severe population declines at higher elevations (above 500 m a.s.l.) from the 1980s to early 1990s, but there is more recent evidence of recovery in parts of its range. Here we advocate for the status of as a candidate cryptic species complex based on sequence data from mitochondrial genes CO1 and 16S. Using concatenated phylogenies, nucleotide diversity (K2P-π), net between group mean distance (NBGMD) (π) and species delimitation methods, we further elucidate cryptic diversity within this species. All phylogenies display polyphyletic lineages within Costa Rica and Panama. At both loci, observed genetic polymorphism (K2P-π) is also high within and between geographic populations, surpassing proposed species threshold values for amphibians. Additionally, patterns of phylogeographic structure are complicated for this species, and do not appear to be explained by geographic barriers or isolation by distance. These preliminary findings suggest is a wide-ranging species complex. Therefore, we propose further research within its wider range, and recommend integrative taxonomic assessment is merited to assess species status.
是一种蛙科蛙类，分布于洪都拉斯南部至巴拿马。从20世纪80年代到90年代初，该物种在较高海拔地区（海拔500米以上）的种群数量急剧下降，但最近有证据表明其部分分布区域的种群数量有所恢复。在此，我们基于线粒体基因CO1和16S的序列数据，主张将该物种认定为候选隐存物种复合体。通过串联系统发育树、核苷酸多样性（K2P-π）、类群间净平均距离（NBGMD）（π）和物种界定方法，我们进一步阐明了该物种内部的隐存多样性。所有系统发育树都显示哥斯达黎加和巴拿马境内存在多系谱系。在这两个基因座上，地理种群内部和之间观察到的遗传多态性（K2P-π）也很高，超过了两栖动物拟议的物种阈值。此外，该物种的系统地理结构模式复杂，似乎无法用地理屏障或距离隔离来解释。这些初步发现表明该物种是一个分布广泛的物种复合体。因此，我们建议在其更广泛的分布区域内开展进一步研究，并建议进行综合分类评估以评估物种状况。
