Sorbe B
Obstet Gynecol. 1978 Dec;52(6):694-7.
Postpartum hemorrhage is a common and serious complication of the third stage of labor resulting in anemia and increased morbidity in the puerperium. Administration of uterotonic drugs and suitable mechanical assistance in delivery of the placenta may significantly reduce this hazard. Ergometrine and oxytocin have been used for a long time in markedly different doses and by various routes of administration with varying success. In order to compare these two oxytocics with regard to their hemostatic effects as well as their possible interference with the physiologic placental separation mechanism, three groups (ergometrine, oxytocin, and control) of women have been studied during a 2-year period. Ergometrine (0.2 mg) and oxytocin (10 IU) administered in the stated doses and as single intravenous injections are comparable with regard to hemostatic efficiency, but oxytocin seems to promote placental separation and expulsion better and thereby reduces the risk of partial retention and trapping with bleeding reguiring further emergency measures as a frequent consequence.
产后出血是分娩第三产程常见且严重的并发症，可导致贫血及产褥期发病率增加。在胎盘娩出时使用宫缩剂及适当的机械辅助可显著降低这一风险。麦角新碱和缩宫素长期以来以明显不同的剂量及多种给药途径使用，效果各异。为比较这两种宫缩剂的止血效果及其对生理性胎盘剥离机制可能的干扰，在两年期间对三组妇女（麦角新碱组、缩宫素组和对照组）进行了研究。以规定剂量单次静脉注射麦角新碱（0.2毫克）和缩宫素（10国际单位），在止血效率方面相当，但缩宫素似乎能更好地促进胎盘剥离和娩出，从而降低部分胎盘滞留及因出血而需要进一步采取紧急措施的风险，而这种情况经常发生。
