Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Clin Ther. 2019 Jun;41(6):1013-1019. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.03.015. Epub 2019 Apr 30.
Sex- and gender-based differences are emerging as clinically significant in the epidemiology and resuscitation of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Female patients tend to be older, experience arrest in private locations, and have fewer initial shockable rhythms (ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia). Despite standardized algorithms for the management of OHCA, women are less likely to receive evidence-based interventions, including advanced cardiac life support medications, percutaneous coronary intervention, and targeted temperature management. While some data suggest a protective mechanism of estrogen in the heart, brain, and kidney, its role is incompletely understood. Female patients experience higher mortality from OHCA, prompting the need for sex-specific research.
性别差异在院外心脏骤停（OHCA）患者的流行病学和复苏中表现出明显的临床意义。女性患者往往年龄较大，在私人场所发生骤停，初始可除颤节律（室颤/室速）较少。尽管 OHCA 的管理有标准化的算法，但女性接受基于证据的干预措施的可能性较低，包括高级心脏生命支持药物、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗和目标温度管理。虽然一些数据表明雌激素对心脏、大脑和肾脏具有保护作用，但它的作用尚未完全了解。女性患者的 OHCA 死亡率较高，这促使我们需要进行专门针对女性的研究。
