Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2019 Aug;19(8):e273-e283. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30045-3. Epub 2019 Apr 30.
Medicine and clinical microbiology have traditionally attempted to identify and eliminate the agents that cause disease. However, this traditional approach is becoming inadequate for dealing with a changing disease landscape. Major challenges to human health are non-communicable chronic diseases, often driven by altered immunity and inflammation, and communicable infections from agents which harbour antibiotic resistance. This Review focuses on the so-called evolutionary medicine framework, to study how microbial communities influence human health. The evolutionary medicine framework aims to predict and manipulate microbial effects on human health by integrating ecology, evolutionary biology, microbiology, bioinformatics, and clinical expertise. We focus on the potential of evolutionary medicine to address three key challenges: detecting microbial transmission, predicting antimicrobial resistance, and understanding microbe-microbe and human-microbe interactions in health and disease, in the context of the microbiome.
医学和临床微生物学传统上试图识别和消除导致疾病的病原体。然而，这种传统方法对于应对不断变化的疾病格局已经不够用了。对人类健康的主要挑战是非传染性慢性疾病，通常由免疫和炎症改变驱动，以及具有抗生素耐药性的传染性病原体感染。本综述重点介绍了所谓的进化医学框架，以研究微生物群落如何影响人类健康。进化医学框架旨在通过整合生态学、进化生物学、微生物学、生物信息学和临床专业知识，预测和操纵微生物对人类健康的影响。我们专注于进化医学在以下三个关键挑战方面的潜力：检测微生物传播、预测抗生素耐药性以及在微生物组背景下理解健康和疾病中微生物-微生物和人类-微生物相互作用。
Zotero 插件