Schwartz L B
Ann Allergy. 1987 Apr;58(4):226-35.
Although a great deal has been learned about the mediators produced by mast cells, the ultimate biologic function(s) of mast cell remains a mystery. Histamine, LTC4, PAF, and possibly tryptase (C3a generation) all enhance vasopermeability. Mediators with anticoagulant activities such as heparin and tryptase (fibrinogenolysis) and antithrombotic activity, PGD2, would appear to facilitate dispersion in tissues of the plasma ultrafiltrate brought there by the subgroup of mediators that enhance vasopermeability. In contrast, PAF causes platelet aggregation and chymase may cause arteriolar vasoconstriction (decreasing the volume of plasma reaching venules) by generation of angiotensin II. Assessment of any differential production of mediators by different types of mast cells will be of obvious importance in sorting out the physiologic responses to mast cell activation as well as the pathophysiology of allergic reactions.
尽管人们已经对肥大细胞产生的介质有了很多了解，但肥大细胞的最终生物学功能仍是个谜。组胺、白三烯C4、血小板活化因子以及可能的类胰蛋白酶（生成C3a）均能增强血管通透性。具有抗凝活性的介质，如肝素和类胰蛋白酶（纤维蛋白原溶解）以及具有抗血栓活性的前列腺素D2，似乎有助于由增强血管通透性的介质亚组带到组织中的血浆超滤液在组织中扩散。相反，血小板活化因子会导致血小板聚集，而糜蛋白酶可能通过生成血管紧张素II引起小动脉血管收缩（减少到达小静脉的血浆量）。评估不同类型肥大细胞介质的任何差异产生，对于理清对肥大细胞活化的生理反应以及过敏反应的病理生理学显然至关重要。
