Lund University, Department of Sociology, Paradisgatan 5, Box 114, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
Lund University, Department of Sociology, Paradisgatan 5, Box 114, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
Int J Drug Policy. 2019 Aug;70:15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.04.009. Epub 2019 May 2.
Using ethnographic data, this paper investigates the techniques used inside pubs, bars and nightclubs to solicit and sustain alcohol consumption among patrons. Focus is on venues with the majority of patrons belonging to the age group of approximately 15-35 years. The paper identifies a number of techniques, both overt and covert, including: alcohol advertising; special offers (e.g. 'Happy Hours' and 'all you can drink' specials); bartenders' use of strategic intimacy, flirtation, and encouragements to buy more; speed drinking devices (e.g. shot glasses, 'beer bongs' and large pitchers); and architectural features that hamper moderate drinking while accelerating the purchase and intake of alcohol. These techniques were used most extensively in low-priced venues with the youngest patrons (e.g. themed chain pubs) and less so in more expensive venues with more adult patrons (e.g. craft beer bars). The paper argues that youth-oriented drinking venues may be conceived as staged atmospheres of consumption where individuals are seduced and compelled into purchasing alcohol. A team of 12 researchers collected the data through interviews and observations in pubs, bars and nightclubs in four cities across Denmark.
本文运用民族志数据，研究了酒吧、夜店招揽和维持顾客饮酒的技巧。研究重点是那些主要顾客年龄在 15 到 35 岁之间的场所。本文确定了一些技巧，包括：酒类广告；特别优惠（如“欢乐时光”和“畅饮”特价）；调酒师使用策略性的亲密、调情和鼓励来促使顾客购买更多；快速饮酒器具（如shot 杯、“啤酒吸管”和大 pitcher）；以及阻碍适度饮酒、加速购买和摄入酒精的建筑特色。这些技巧在价格较低、顾客年龄最小的场所（如主题连锁酒吧）中使用最为广泛，而在价格较高、顾客年龄较大的场所（如精酿啤酒酒吧）中使用较少。本文认为，面向年轻人的饮酒场所可以被视为消费的舞台氛围，个体在其中被诱惑并被迫购买酒精。一个由 12 名研究人员组成的团队在丹麦四个城市的酒吧、夜店进行了访谈和观察，收集了数据。
