Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd Juriquilla, 3001, 76230, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México.
Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd Juriquilla, 3001, 76230, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2019 May 1;95(5). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiz051.
Rincon de Parangueo is a maar where a perennial lake was present until the 1980s. A conspicuous feature of the lake's sediments is the presence of bioherms and organo-sedimentary deposits produced by microbial communities. The gradual lake desiccation during the last 40 years has produced dramatic environmental changes inside the maar basin, which resulted in the formation of a highly saline-alkaline system with extant microorganisms. In this paper we succinctly describe the geologic setting where the microbial communities have developed inside of the maar crater and the results obtained from high-throughput sequencing methods to characterize the microbial component (Bacteria, Eukarya and Archaea) in endolithic mats of calcareous sediments, and microbial mats and free-living microorganisms in the soda ponds. The studied sites displayed different microbial communities with a diverse number of phylotypes belonging to Bacteria and Eukarya, contrasting with a much less diverse component in Archaea. The sequences here detected were related to environmental sequences from sites with extreme life conditions such as high alkalinity (alkaliphiles), high salinity (halophiles) and high temperature (thermophiles). Moreover, our results indicate an important unexplored endemic microbial biodiversity in the vestiges of the former lake that need to be studied.
里恩孔德帕兰盖乌是一个玛珥湖，直到 20 世纪 80 年代，这里一直有一个常年湖泊。该湖沉积物的一个显著特征是存在生物礁和由微生物群落产生的有机-沉积矿床。在过去的 40 年里，湖水逐渐干涸，导致火山口盆地内发生了剧烈的环境变化，形成了一个存在现存微生物的高盐碱性系统。本文简要描述了微生物群落在玛珥火山口内发育的地质背景，以及高通量测序方法的结果，用于描述钙质沉积物内生席中的微生物成分（细菌、真核生物和古菌），以及苏打池中的微生物席和自由生活微生物。研究地点显示出不同的微生物群落，具有大量属于细菌和真核生物的分类群，而古菌的组成则要少得多。这里检测到的序列与来自极端生命条件（如高碱性、高盐度和高温）的环境序列有关，如碱性环境中的嗜碱微生物、高盐环境中的嗜盐微生物和高温环境中的嗜热微生物。此外，我们的研究结果表明，在曾经的湖泊遗迹中存在着大量尚未被探索的特有微生物生物多样性，需要对其进行研究。
