Clemson University.
J Soc Psychol. 2020;160(1):1-20. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2019.1609401. Epub 2019 May 5.
If we could go back and give ourselves advice to keep from making a mistake, most of us would probably take that opportunity. Using self-discrepancy theory as a theoretical framework, US workers on Amazon's Mechanical Turk, who were at least 30 years of age, indicated in two studies what their advice to their younger selves would be, what pivotal event was influential for them, if they had regrets, and if following this advice would bring them closer to their ideal or ought self. Across both studies, most of the advice fell into the domains of relationships, education, and selfhood. Participants said following the advice would bring them more in line with their ideal than their ought self. Following the advice also led to more positive perceptions of the current self by the high school self. Ages at which pivotal events occurred provided strong support for the reminiscence bump.
如果我们能回到过去,给自己一些避免犯错的建议,我们大多数人可能都会抓住这个机会。利用自我差异理论作为理论框架,美国的 Mechanical Turk 工人(至少 30 岁)在两项研究中表明,他们会给年轻时的自己什么样的建议,对他们有影响的关键事件是什么,如果他们有遗憾,以及如果遵循这些建议,他们是否会更接近理想自我或应该自我。在这两项研究中,大多数建议都集中在人际关系、教育和自我认同领域。参与者表示,遵循这些建议会使他们更接近理想自我,而不是应该自我。遵循这些建议也会使现在的自我对高中时期的自我有更积极的看法。关键事件发生的年龄为怀旧高峰提供了有力的支持。