Jones Stacey J, Mama Khursheed R, Brock Nancy K, Couto C Guillermo
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2019 Jun 1;254(11):1329-1334. doi: 10.2460/javma.254.11.1329.
A 36-kg (79-lb) castrated male Greyhound (dog 1) and a 25-kg (55 lb) spayed female Greyhound (dog 2) underwent general anesthesia for dental care with similar perianesthetic protocols on multiple occasions from 2013 to 2016. Both dogs had periodontal disease but were otherwise deemed healthy. Both dogs developed clinically relevant hyperkalemia, with signs including loss of P waves on ECG tracings, during multiple anesthetic events.
Dog 1 developed hyperkalemia during 2 of 2 anesthetic events, with ECG changes noted during the first event. Dog 2 developed hyperkalemia during 3 of 4 anesthetic events, with ECG changes identified during the second and third events. Serum potassium concentration for both dogs was within the reference range prior to and between anesthetic events. No underlying etiopathogenesis for hyperkalemia was identified for either dog.
In each hyperkalemic event, the clinician stopped the dental procedure and continued to provide supportive care and monitoring while the dog recovered from anesthesia. The ECG changes resolved, and serum potassium concentration returned to the reference range rapidly after inhalant anesthetic administration was discontinued. The dogs were discharged from the hospital without further complications.
Hyperkalemia in anesthetized Greyhounds resulted in serious cardiac conduction abnormalities, which could be potentially fatal if not recognized and promptly treated. Further investigation into the etiopathogenesis, prevention and treatment strategies, and genetic or familial components of this condition is indicated.
一只36千克（79磅）去势雄性灵缇犬（犬1）和一只25千克（55磅）绝育雌性灵缇犬（犬2）在2013年至2016年期间多次接受牙科护理的全身麻醉，采用了相似的围麻醉期方案。两只犬均患有牙周病，但其他方面被认为健康。在多次麻醉过程中，两只犬均出现了具有临床意义的高钾血症，体征包括心电图描记中P波消失。
犬1在2次麻醉过程中的2次出现高钾血症，第一次麻醉过程中记录到心电图变化。犬2在4次麻醉过程中的3次出现高钾血症，在第二次和第三次麻醉过程中发现心电图变化。两只犬在麻醉前及麻醉期间血清钾浓度均在参考范围内。未发现两只犬高钾血症的潜在病因。
在每次高钾血症事件中，临床医生停止牙科操作，在犬从麻醉中恢复时继续提供支持性护理和监测。心电图变化消失，停用吸入性麻醉剂后血清钾浓度迅速恢复到参考范围。两只犬出院时无进一步并发症。
麻醉的灵缇犬出现高钾血症会导致严重的心脏传导异常，如果未被识别和及时治疗可能会致命。需要对这种情况的病因、预防和治疗策略以及遗传或家族因素进行进一步调查。
