Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Waste Conversion by Insects, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
PLoS One. 2019 May 8;14(5):e0216086. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216086. eCollection 2019.
Antibiotics are commonly used in livestock and poultry farming. Residual antibiotics in manure may lead to antibiotic pollution of soil, surface water, and groundwater through land application and run-off rainfall. The black soldier fly (BSF) Hermetia illucens is a good candidate for manure management. We evaluated the effect of sulfonamide pollution on the growth of H. illucens. Four treatments were considered with a sulfonamide content in the feed of 0 (control group), 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg. The control larvae were fed without sulfonamide. Survival and development status of the individuals were recorded daily. The weights of the fifth instar larvae, prepupae, and pupae were checked. Antioxidant enzyme activity was determined with the fifth instar larvae. The results showed that a low (0.1 and 1 mg/kg) concentration of sulfonamides had no effects on larval survival, pupation, and eclosion of BSFs. A high sulfonamide concentration of 10 mg/kg had a significant effect on the survival of larvae and pupae and on the body weight of larvae, prepupae and pupae. Peak of the cumulated pupation rate and eclosion rate in the sulfonamide treatment of 10 mg/kg was very low. Pupation and eclosion in this group peaked later than that of the control and low sulfonamide concentration treatment groups (0.1 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg). Larvae from the sulfonamides group showed lower antioxidase activities than that of the control. In sulfonamide groups, the activity of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner. Sulfamonomethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfamethazine were not detected in the harvested prepupae. Only sulfadiazine was discovered in the sulfonamide treatments of 1 and 10 mg/kg. In conclusion, BSFs can tolerate certain concentrations of sulfonamide contamination.
抗生素常用于畜牧业和家禽养殖业。粪便中的残留抗生素可能通过土地施用和径流水流失导致土壤、地表水和地下水的抗生素污染。黑水虻（BSF）Hermetia illucens 是一种很好的粪便管理候选者。我们评估了磺胺类药物污染对 H. illucens 生长的影响。考虑了四种处理方式，饲料中的磺胺类药物含量分别为 0（对照组）、0.1、1 和 10 mg/kg。对照组幼虫不喂食磺胺类药物。每天记录个体的生存和发育状况。检查第五龄幼虫、预蛹和蛹的体重。用第五龄幼虫测定抗氧化酶活性。结果表明，低浓度（0.1 和 1 mg/kg）的磺胺类药物对幼虫存活率、化蛹和 BSF 羽化没有影响。高浓度 10 mg/kg 的磺胺类药物对幼虫和蛹的存活率以及幼虫、预蛹和蛹的体重有显著影响。10 mg/kg 磺胺类处理的累积化蛹率和羽化率峰值非常低。该组的化蛹和羽化高峰晚于对照组和低磺胺浓度处理组（0.1 mg/kg 和 1 mg/kg）。磺胺类药物组的幼虫表现出较低的抗氧化酶活性。磺胺类药物组中，过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性呈浓度依赖性降低。在收获的预蛹中未检测到磺胺二甲氧嘧啶、磺胺甲恶唑和磺胺间甲氧嘧啶。仅在磺胺类药物处理的 1 和 10 mg/kg 组中发现了磺胺嘧啶。总之，BSF 可以耐受一定浓度的磺胺类药物污染。
