Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Munich, Germany.
Infection. 2019 Dec;47(6):937-944. doi: 10.1007/s15010-019-01315-4. Epub 2019 May 8.
To analyse the therapeutic efficacy of various phytotherapeutics and their antimicrobial compounds with regard to strain specificity and dose dependence.
A representative strain collection of 40 uropathogenic bacteria isolated from complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infection was subjected to various virulence assays (bacterial growth, mannose-sensitive agglutination, and motility) to determine the therapeutic impact of various compounds with antimicrobial activity. We tested proanthocyanidins (PAC), D-mannose, rosemary extract (Canephron), and isothiocyanates (Angocin).
D-mannose efficiently blocked the adhesive properties of all type 1 fimbriae-positive isolates in low concentration (0.2%), but showed no bacteriostatic effect. PAC also actively blocked agglutination, but the concentration varied considerably among isolates. Escherichia coli required the highest concentration (10%), while Enterobacter cloacae responded to low concentrations (0.1%). Allyl isothiocyanates not only impaired agglutination in all tested isolates, but also had a dramatic impact on flagella-mediated motility in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis (p < 0.001). The administration of rosemary extracts revealed a strong bacteriostatic effect in growth assays. All tested strains were strongly inhibited by the addition of 10 μg/ml or 1 μg/ml of purified rosemary extractions with the exception of Serratia marcescens. Morganella morganii responded only to 10 μg/ml.
Phytotherapeutics and small-molecular compounds like mannosides have the potential to become an integral part in a multi-modal treatment concept for the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections. Their efficiency can be optimised when strain specificities and therapeutic concentrations are taken into account.
分析各种植物疗法及其抗菌化合物的治疗效果，包括针对菌株特异性和剂量依赖性。
对 40 株从复杂性和非复杂性尿路感染中分离的尿路致病性细菌的代表性菌株进行了各种毒力测定（细菌生长、甘露糖敏感凝集和运动性），以确定具有抗菌活性的各种化合物的治疗效果。我们测试了原花青素（PAC）、D-甘露糖、迷迭香提取物（Canephron）和异硫氰酸酯（Angocin）。
D-甘露糖在低浓度（0.2%）下有效阻断所有 1 型菌毛阳性分离株的粘附特性，但无抑菌作用。PAC 也能积极阻断凝集，但在分离株中浓度差异很大。大肠杆菌需要最高浓度（10%），而阴沟肠杆菌则对低浓度（0.1%）有反应。烯丙基异硫氰酸酯不仅在所有测试的分离株中削弱了凝集，而且对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和奇异变形杆菌的鞭毛介导的运动也有显著影响（p<0.001）。迷迭香提取物的给药在生长试验中显示出强烈的抑菌作用。除了粘质沙雷氏菌外，所有测试菌株都被 10μg/ml 或 1μg/ml 的纯化迷迭香提取物强烈抑制。摩根摩根氏菌仅对 10μg/ml 有反应。
植物疗法和小分子化合物（如甘露糖）有可能成为多模式治疗尿路感染的一个组成部分。当考虑到菌株特异性和治疗浓度时，它们的效率可以得到优化。
