Padhye Nisha V, Doyle Michael P
Food Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison1, Madison, Wisconsin 53706.
Food Safety and Quality Enhancement Laboratory, Georgia Experiment Station, University of Georgia2, Griffin, Georgia 30223.
J Food Prot. 1992 Jul;55(7):555-565. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X-55.7.555.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is now recognized as an important human pathogen. Illnesses caused by E. coli O157:H7 infection can range from self-limited, watery diarrhea to life-threatening manifestations such as hemolytic uremic syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The mode of transmission is primarily through food; however, person-to-person transmission also has been identified in some day-care center and nursing home out-breaks. Studies to date indicate that cattle are an important reservoir of the organism. Although adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and verotoxins are considered important virulence factors in the pathogenesis of the organism, more research is are necessary to determine the exact mechanism of pathogenicity. There is need for a rapid diagnostic test for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in food and in clinical samples. Several useful research reagents have been developed for detecting E. coli O157:H7; however, they must be applied to a procedure that is specific, sensitive, rapid, easy to use, and commercially available so that microbiological laboratories can readily use them.
大肠杆菌O157:H7现在被认为是一种重要的人类病原体。由大肠杆菌O157:H7感染引起的疾病范围从自限性水样腹泻到危及生命的表现，如溶血性尿毒症综合征或血栓性血小板减少性紫癜。传播方式主要是通过食物；然而，在一些日托中心和养老院的疫情中也发现了人传人现象。迄今为止的研究表明，牛是该病原体的重要宿主。虽然对肠道上皮细胞的粘附和志贺毒素被认为是该病原体发病机制中的重要毒力因子，但仍需要更多研究来确定确切的致病机制。需要一种快速诊断测试来检测食品和临床样本中的大肠杆菌O157:H7。已经开发了几种用于检测大肠杆菌O157:H7的有用研究试剂；然而，它们必须应用于一种特异性强、灵敏度高、快速、易于使用且可商购的程序，以便微生物实验室能够方便地使用它们。
