2008-2018 年中国奶牛隐孢子虫感染的流行情况：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Prevalence of Cryptosporidium in dairy cattle in China during 2008-2018: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China.
出版信息
Microb Pathog. 2019 Jul;132:193-200. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.05.006. Epub 2019 May 7.
Cryptosporidium is the causative agent of cryptosporidiosis. Cryptosporidium not only has a worldwide distribution, but also can infect various hosts, including dairy cattle and humans. Although numerous researches on Cryptosporidium infection in cattle have been conducted, no nationwide study on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in dairy cattle in mainland China was carried out. In this meta-analysis, five databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chongqing VIP, and Wanfang, were used to search for published papers regarding Cryptosporidium infection in dairy cattle in China from inception to February 25, 2019. Our study obtained 60 eligibility studies that reported Cryptosporidium infection in dairy cattle. We estimated the pooled Cryptosporidium prevalence to be 17.0% (3,901/33,313), with 16.9% (722/5,191) in Central China, 17.4% (959/6,162) in Eastern China, 29.8% (404/2,021) in Northeastern China, 15.7% (227/2,344) in Northern China, 15.8% (1,042/11,452) in Northwestern China, 9.5% (494/5,758) in Southern China, and 13.7% (53/385) in Southwestern China. The pooled prevalence of Cryptosporidium in before 2000 group (28.0%, 944/3,417) was significantly higher than in 2000-2010 group (11.1%, 384/3,643) and after 2010 group (13.7%, 2,134/22,411). Cattle with the age of ≤ 12 months (22.5%, 2,142/12,948) had a significantly higher prevalence than those of > 12 months (9.5%, 840/10,282). The pooled prevalence of Cryptosporidium in different seasons ranged from 8.2% (343/4,552) in Autumn to 19.5% (285/1,570) in Winter. Diarrhea cattle (38%, 133/477) had a higher Cryptosporidium prevalence than non-diarrhea cattle (13.0%, 367/2423). The pooled prevalence of Cryptosporidium in different provinces was various, with the highest (35.6%, 355/1,667) in Heilongjiang province, and the lowest (4.3%, 15/440) in Tianjin province. The univariate meta-regression analyses indicated that the collection year (P = 0.002) and age of cattle (P = 0.001) might be sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review suggests that China is a country where cryptosporidiosis frequently occurs in cattle. Due to the particular relationship between dairy cattle and feeder, further research is required to investigate the links between cattle ownership and Cryptosporidium infection.
隐孢子虫是隐孢子虫病的病原体。隐孢子虫不仅分布广泛，而且可以感染各种宿主，包括奶牛和人类。尽管已经对牛的隐孢子虫感染进行了大量研究，但在中国尚未进行过全国性的关于奶牛隐孢子虫感染流行率的研究。在这项荟萃分析中，我们使用了包括 PubMed、ScienceDirect、中国知网（CNKI）、重庆维普和万方在内的五个数据库，检索了截至 2019 年 2 月 25 日中国奶牛隐孢子虫感染的已发表文献。我们共获得了 60 项符合纳入标准的研究，这些研究报告了奶牛隐孢子虫感染情况。我们估计，隐孢子虫总感染率为 17.0%（3,901/33,313），其中华中地区为 16.9%（722/5,191），华东地区为 17.4%（959/6,162），东北地区为 29.8%（404/2,021），华北地区为 15.7%（227/2,344），西北地区为 15.8%（1,042/11,452），华南地区为 9.5%（494/5,758），西南地区为 13.7%（53/385）。2000 年以前组（28.0%，944/3,417）的隐孢子虫总感染率明显高于 2000-2010 年组（11.1%，384/3,643）和 2010 年以后组（13.7%，2,134/22,411）。≤12 月龄的牛（22.5%，2,142/12,948）的感染率明显高于>12 月龄的牛（9.5%，840/10,282）。不同季节的隐孢子虫感染率范围为 8.2%（343/4,552）（秋季）至 19.5%（285/1,570）（冬季）。腹泻牛（38%，133/477）的隐孢子虫感染率高于非腹泻牛（13.0%，367/2423）。不同省份的隐孢子虫感染率存在差异，其中黑龙江省最高（35.6%，355/1,667），天津市最低（4.3%，15/440）。单因素荟萃回归分析表明，采集年份（P=0.002）和牛的年龄（P=0.001）可能是异质性的来源。本系统综述表明，中国是一个经常发生牛隐孢子虫病的国家。由于奶牛和育肥牛之间的特殊关系，需要进一步研究牛的所有权与隐孢子虫感染之间的关系。
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