Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India.
Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India.
Int J Pharm. 2019 Jun 30;565:378-390. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.04.058. Epub 2019 May 7.
Medicine is a natural companion of mankind in the present era for mere survival from the deadly diseases in ever-increasing polluted environments. Hence, in recent years, major focus of pharmaceutical, medicinal and biophysical research has been navigated in exploring and developing new and simple avenues to enhance the efficacy of the administered drugs on one hand and to get rid of, or at least reduce, the toxic side effects of the excess drugs accumulated in human body on the other. A potential approach to amplify the efficacy of the administered drug is to develop proficient targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs). This review provides an essence of some newly developed simple but prospective strategies on enhancing the efficacy of drugs/bioactive molecules exploiting various drug delivery systems like micelles, cyclodextrins, liposomes etc. to serve the purpose of targeted delivery towards DNA, by endogenous and/or exogenous means. Improved bio-availability and solubilization of ionic drugs within the less polar target regions from the bulk aqueous phase has also been achieved through the introduction of some physiologically permissible salts. In the other context, in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate a simple technique for easy removal of the excess adsorbed drug molecules from the cell membranes/lipid bilayers by exploiting health-amiable supramolecular assemblies. In this review, we summarize the recent experimental findings, mostly from our lab, encompassing the development of simple biocompatible methods to enhance the benevolent role of drugs through their safe, effective and convenient administration. It also presents easy and effective means to remove the excess adsorbed drugs from human body to diminish their malign effects. These prospective approaches of drug delivery and excretion of drug molecules have promising roles to play from both physicochemical and pharmaceutical perspectives, ensuring enhanced bioavailability of drugs as well as disposing of drug-induced adverse side effects.
在当今时代，医学是人类为了在日益污染的环境中从致命疾病中单纯生存而自然而然的伴侣。因此，近年来，药物、医学和生物物理研究的主要焦点一直是探索和开发新的简单途径，一方面增强已用药物的疗效，另一方面消除或至少减少人体内过量药物积累的毒性副作用。增强给药药物疗效的潜在方法是开发高效靶向药物传递系统（DDS）。这篇综述提供了一些新开发的简单但有前景的策略的要点，这些策略利用各种药物传递系统（如胶束、环糊精、脂质体等）来增强药物/生物活性分子的疗效，通过内源性和/或外源性手段，将药物靶向递送至 DNA。通过引入一些生理上可接受的盐，也提高了药物在较少极性靶区的生物利用度和离子药物的溶解度。在另一方面，体外和体内研究表明了一种简单的技术，通过利用对健康友好的超分子组装体，从大的水相的细胞膜/脂质双层中容易地去除过量吸附的药物分子。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近的实验结果，主要来自我们的实验室，包括开发简单的生物相容性方法，通过安全、有效和方便的给药来增强药物的良性作用。它还提出了从人体中去除过量吸附药物的简单有效方法，以减少其恶性影响。从物理化学和药物的角度来看，这些药物传递和药物分子排泄的前瞻性方法具有很大的作用，确保了药物的生物利用度增强，以及处理药物引起的不良副作用。
