College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jul;26(19):19490-19501. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04861-4. Epub 2019 May 10.
This study was conducted to investigate the changes in leaf physiological parameters to abiotic stress induced by different levels of cement dust. On day 15, Arachis hypogaea L. plants (sowing day was considered as day 0) were divided into six groups, and cement was sprinkled over plants with the help of hand pump, twice a week at T (5 g pot), T (8 g pot), T (10 g pot), T (15 g pot), T (20 g pot), and T/control (0 g pot), until fruit maturity. Morphometric parameters such as root and shoot length, leaf area, and seed weight were significantly higher in T, while the minimum was recorded in T. Physiological analyses of leaves and roots revealed a remarkable reduction (p < 0.05) in sugar, amino acid, and protein contents, while the concentration of enzymatic antioxidants was increased in cement-treated plants. The concentration of abscisic acid in leaves was significantly higher in treatment groups as compared with control, while gibberellic acid concentration was low. Strikingly, cement dust decreases the level of leaf photosynthetic pigments, reduces stomatal conductance, and adversely affects photosynthesis. Leaf histological analysis revealed confirmatory evidence of stomatal closure, cell damage, reduced cell area, and abridged leaf thickness. Salient features of the present study provide useful evidence to estimate cement dust as a critical abiotic stress factor, which has adverse effects on photosynthesis, leaf anatomical features, stomatal functioning, and productivity. Our work opens new avenues for a deep portfolio of cement-based stress mediating pathophysiology in Arachis hypogaea.
本研究旨在探讨不同水平水泥粉尘对非生物胁迫诱导的叶片生理参数的变化。在第 15 天，将花生（播种日被视为第 0 天）植株分为六组，用手动泵将水泥撒在植物上，每周两次，在 T（5g 盆）、T（8g 盆）、T（10g 盆）、T（15g 盆）、T（20g 盆）和 T/对照（0g 盆），直到果实成熟。T 组的根和茎长度、叶面积和种子重量等形态参数显著较高，而 T 组的最小。叶片和根系的生理分析表明，糖、氨基酸和蛋白质含量明显降低（p<0.05），而酶抗氧化剂的浓度在水泥处理的植物中增加。与对照相比，叶片中脱落酸的浓度在处理组中显著升高，而赤霉素的浓度较低。引人注目的是，水泥粉尘降低了叶片光合色素的水平，降低了气孔导度，对光合作用产生不利影响。叶片组织学分析显示，气孔关闭、细胞损伤、细胞面积减少和叶片厚度缩短得到了证实。本研究的突出特点为评估水泥粉尘作为一种关键的非生物胁迫因素提供了有用的证据，它对光合作用、叶片解剖特征、气孔功能和生产力都有不良影响。我们的工作为深入研究花生基于水泥的应激介导病理生理学开辟了新途径。
