Embrapa Suínos e Aves, BR 153, Km 110, 89715-899 Concórdia, SC, Brazil.
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP-FCAV, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
Meat Sci. 2019 Sep;155:61-68. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.04.020. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
The incidence of non-ambulatory non-injured (NANI), non-ambulatory injured (NAI) and dead pigs on-arrival at three Brazilian slaughterhouses were evaluated in 37,962 pigs to identify risk factors linked to them, besides carcass bruises and limb fractures. Total pre-slaughtering losses were 1.18%, in which NAI (0.39%) and NANI (0.37%) incidences contributed the most. A positive relation between on farm steeper ramp slope >20° and the incidence of NAI, NANI and dead pigs at unloading was found. Farm size, pigs/pen, enthalpy at loading, transportation time, truck loading order, muscle thickness and carcass weight, were identified as risk factors for pre-slaughtering losses. Loading procedures influenced the occurrence of limb fractures and bruises (which are a welfare issue and should be reduced). Therefore, personal training on pre-slaughter handling is essential to reduce the risk factors to improve animal welfare and avoid losses during the pre-slaughter process.
本研究评估了 37962 头猪在抵达巴西 3 家屠宰场时非卧床无损伤（NANI）、非卧床损伤（NAI）和死亡猪的发生率，以确定与它们相关的风险因素，除了胴体瘀伤和四肢骨折外。宰前总损失率为 1.18%，其中 NAI（0.39%）和 NANI（0.37%）的发生率最高。在卸载时，农场斜坡坡度>20°与 NAI、NANI 和死猪的发生率之间存在正相关关系。农场规模、每栏猪数量、装载时的焓值、运输时间、卡车装载顺序、肌肉厚度和胴体重量被确定为宰前损失的风险因素。装载程序影响四肢骨折和瘀伤的发生（这是一个福利问题，应予以减少）。因此，对宰前处理进行人员培训对于减少风险因素、提高动物福利和避免宰前过程中的损失至关重要。
