Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, 4200 Valley Drive College Park, MD 20742, United States.
Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, 4200 Valley Drive College Park, MD 20742, United States.
Addict Behav. 2019 Sep;96:140-147. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.04.014. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
Prior research has documented a strong association between cigarette and marijuana use among young adults; it is critical to study patterns and risk factors for co-use.
Appended, cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data were used to assess prevalence and correlates of cigarette and marijuana co-use among young adults (ages 21-30) over a 10-year period (2005-2014). Respondents (unweighted sample = 4,948) were classified into four categories regarding past-month behavior: neither use, cigarette-only use, marijuana-only use, and co-use of both. Regression models were computed to predict these categories using three waves of NHANES (unweighted sample = 3,073).
Prevalence of past-month cigarette use decreased from 30.9% in 2005-2006 to 23.7% in 2013-2014 (p = 0.024) while past-month marijuana use (average 18.0%) and past-month co-use (average 9.8%) remained stable during this time. Co-use differed significantly by gender (p < 0.001; average 12.9% men, 6.8% women). Co-users were less likely to be married, more likely to endorse non-Hispanic black racial identity, more likely to have engaged in non-marijuana drug use in their lifetime and more likely to drink alcohol monthly than cigarette-only users. Co-users were more likely to have depressive symptoms, ever use non-marijuana drugs, live with a smoker, and initiate marijuana at a younger age than marijuana-only users.
Co-use of cigarettes and marijuana remained stable but high over a ten-year period; understanding the unique characteristics, living situations, experiences, and substance use behaviors of co-users can contribute to more effective, tailored prevention and education strategies to reduce the burden of comorbid cigarette and marijuana use.
先前的研究已经记录了年轻人中香烟和大麻使用之间的强烈关联；研究共用法的模式和风险因素至关重要。
使用附加的、横断面的全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据，评估了过去十年（2005-2014 年）年轻人（年龄 21-30 岁）中香烟和大麻共用法的流行率和相关因素。受访者（未加权样本=4948）根据过去一个月的行为分为四类：既不使用、仅使用香烟、仅使用大麻和同时使用两者。使用 NHANES 的三个波次（未加权样本=3073）计算回归模型来预测这些类别。
过去一个月香烟使用的流行率从 2005-2006 年的 30.9%下降到 2013-2014 年的 23.7%（p=0.024），而同期过去一个月大麻使用（平均 18.0%）和过去一个月共用法（平均 9.8%）保持稳定。共用法在性别上有显著差异（p<0.001；男性平均 12.9%，女性 6.8%）。共使用者结婚的可能性较小，更有可能认同非西班牙裔黑人种族身份，更有可能在一生中使用非大麻药物，更有可能每月饮酒，而不是仅使用香烟。与仅使用香烟者相比，共使用者更有可能出现抑郁症状、曾使用非大麻药物、与吸烟者同住、以及更早开始使用大麻。
在过去十年中，香烟和大麻的共用法仍然稳定但很高；了解共使用者的独特特征、生活状况、经历和药物使用行为，可以促进更有效、更有针对性的预防和教育策略，以减轻共患香烟和大麻使用的负担。
