School of Mineral Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
School of Mineral Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Waste Manag. 2019 Apr 15;89:83-93. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.068. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
In this study, a novel process consisting of pyrolysis and physical separation was proposed to comprehensively recycle spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The discharge and pyrolysis behaviors of spent LIBs, the recovery of electrolyte from the spent LIBs by low-temperature volatilization, and the recovery of valuable materials from the pyrolytic residues through physical separation were studied in detail. The results indicated that approximately 99.91% of the organic electrolytes was recycled, and the lithium salt (LiPF) in the batteries was disposed by pyrolysis process. The active materials could be effectively separated from current collectors after the pyrolysis under N at 550 °C for 2 h. The pyrolytic gas was mainly composed of light alkenes, and the pyrolytic tar was mainly composed of aromatic long chain alkenes and light alcohols. Pyrolytic residues were recycled by color sorting, high-pressure water cleaning and flotation processes, and about 99.34% of Al, 96.25% of Cu, and 49.67% of cathode active materials were recovered from the spent LIBs. Finally, electrochemical tests indicate that the cathode active materials obtained by the process can be used to produce new batteries.
在这项研究中，提出了一种由热解和物理分离组成的新工艺，以全面回收废旧锂离子电池（LIB）。详细研究了废旧 LIB 的放电和热解行为、通过低温挥发从废旧 LIB 中回收电解质以及通过物理分离从热解残渣中回收有价值材料的过程。结果表明，约 99.91%的有机电解质得到了回收，电池中的锂盐（LiPF）通过热解过程进行了处理。在 550°C 下氮气中热解 2 小时后，活性材料可以有效地从集流器上分离下来。热解气主要由轻烯烃组成，热解焦油主要由芳香长链烯烃和轻醇组成。通过颜色分选、高压水清洗和浮选工艺回收热解残渣，从废旧 LIB 中回收了约 99.34%的 Al、96.25%的 Cu 和 49.67%的正极活性材料。最后，电化学测试表明，该工艺获得的正极活性材料可用于生产新电池。
