Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Human Nutrition Division, Clermont-Ferrand, France, and the Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Ouest, Nantes, France.
Nutr Rev. 2019 Oct 1;77(10):710-724. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz015.
In recent years, much new data on intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) have been published, and major breakthroughs have been disclosed. The aim of the present review is to critically analyze the publications released over the last 5 years. These breakthroughs include, for example, the direct implication of IAP in intestinal tight junction integrity and barrier function maintenance; chronic intestinal challenge with low concentrations of Salmonella generating long-lasting depletion of IAP and increased susceptibility to inflammation; the suggestion that genetic mutations in the IAP gene in humans contribute to some forms of chronic inflammatory diseases and loss of functional IAP along the gut and in stools; stool IAP as an early biomarker of incipient diabetes in humans; and omega-3 fatty acids as direct inducers of IAP in intestinal tissue. Many recent papers have also explored the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of IAP and other alkaline phosphatase (AP) isoforms in various experimental settings and diseases. Remarkably, nearly all data confirm the potent anti-inflammatory properties of (I)AP and the negative consequences of its inhibition on health. A simplified model of the body AP system integrating the IAP compartment is provided. Finally, the list of nutrients and food components stimulating IAP has continued to grow, thus emphasizing nutrition as a potent lever for limiting inflammation.
近年来，有关肠碱性磷酸酶 (IAP) 的大量新数据已经公布，并取得了重大突破。本综述的目的是批判性地分析过去 5 年发表的出版物。这些突破包括：IAP 直接参与肠道紧密连接的完整性和屏障功能的维持；低浓度沙门氏菌对肠道的慢性刺激会导致 IAP 长期耗竭，增加炎症易感性；人类 IAP 基因突变可能导致某些形式的慢性炎症性疾病和肠道和粪便中功能性 IAP 的丧失；粪便 IAP 是人类糖尿病前期的早期生物标志物；ω-3 脂肪酸是肠道组织中 IAP 的直接诱导剂。最近的许多论文还探索了 IAP 和其他碱性磷酸酶 (AP) 同工酶在各种实验条件和疾病中的预防和治疗潜力。值得注意的是，几乎所有的数据都证实了 (I)AP 的抗炎特性及其对健康的抑制作用的负面后果。提供了一个整合 IAP 隔室的身体 AP 系统简化模型。最后，刺激 IAP 的营养素和食物成分的清单继续增加，从而强调了营养作为限制炎症的有力杠杆。
