Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019 May;9(S1):S32-S46. doi: 10.1002/alr.22341.
Research has progressed rapidly in recent decades to better understand the etiopathogenesis and management paradigms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Although oral antibiotics often mitigate symptoms in acute CRS exacerbations, eradication of polymicrobial biofilms and multidrug-resistant bacteria remains a challenge. The goal of this review is to summarize and discuss the potential and pitfalls of topical medications in the treatment of CRS.
A related literature review was performed using PubMed and Scopus, with only the English database included.
The main therapies were selected and separated in sections. Details regarding future topical treatments of CRS were summarized and discussed.
The ease of access of the sinonasal mucosa positions CRS as a disease with high potential for local topical treatment. The ultimate adoption of topical agents will require continued expansion of our understanding of novel local targets in CRS as well as improved methods to deliver and retain the drug of interest at the site of activity.
近几十年来，人们对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）的病因发病机制和治疗模式有了更深入的了解，研究进展迅速。尽管口服抗生素通常可以缓解急性 CRS 加重期的症状，但多微生物生物膜和多种耐药菌的清除仍然是一个挑战。本文的目的是总结和讨论局部药物治疗 CRS 的潜力和陷阱。
使用 PubMed 和 Scopus 进行了相关的文献综述，仅纳入了英文数据库。
选择并分离了主要疗法，总结并讨论了未来 CRS 的局部治疗细节。
由于鼻腔鼻窦黏膜易于触及，因此 CRS 具有很高的局部治疗潜力。局部药物的最终应用需要我们不断加深对 CRS 中新型局部靶点的理解，以及改进将药物递送至作用部位并保留在该部位的方法。
