Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, Trikala 42100, Greece.
Institute of Human Performance and Rehabilitation, Centre for Research and Technology Thessaly, Karies, Trikala 42100, Greece.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Apr 4;2019:8060193. doi: 10.1155/2019/8060193. eCollection 2019.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, theoretically, renders red blood cells (RBC) susceptible to oxidative stress. G6PD deficiency has also been found in other types of cells than RBC, such as leukocytes and myocytes, where an inefficient protection against oxidative stress may occur too. Glutathione (GSH), a significant antioxidant molecule, levels are lower in G6PD individuals, and theoretically, the probability of oxidative stress and haemolysis due to exercise in individuals with G6PD deficiency is increased, whereas dietary supplementation with antioxidants may have beneficial effects on various aspects of this enzymopathy.
A search of the available literature was conducted using the keywords glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), deficiency, disease, exercise, muscle, antioxidant, vitamin, supplement, and supplementation. The search was limited to publications in English, conducted on humans, and published until August 2018. After screening, only relevant articles were included.
There is little evidence indicating that G6PD deficiency can cause perturbations in redox status, haemolysis, and clinical symptoms such as fatigability and myoglobinuria, especially after intense exercise, compared to individuals with normal enzyme levels.
Exercise could be used by G6PD-deficient individuals as a tool to improve their quality of life. However, there is a lack of training studies, and assessment of the effects of regular and systematic exercise in G6PD-deficient individuals is warranted. Finally, since GSH levels are lower in G6PD deficiency, it would be interesting to examine the effects of antioxidant or cysteine donor supplements on redox status after exercise in these individuals.
葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺乏症使红细胞（RBC）易受氧化应激影响，这在理论上是成立的。此外，G6PD 缺乏症也存在于除 RBC 以外的其他类型的细胞中，例如白细胞和心肌细胞，在这些细胞中，可能无法有效对抗氧化应激。GSH（一种重要的抗氧化分子）水平在 G6PD 个体中较低，理论上，由于 G6PD 缺乏症，个体在运动时发生氧化应激和溶血的可能性增加，而抗氧化剂的饮食补充可能对这种酶病的各个方面都有有益的影响。
使用关键词“葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）”、“缺乏症”、“疾病”、“运动”、“肌肉”、“抗氧化剂”、“维生素”、“补充剂”和“补充”对现有文献进行了搜索。搜索范围限于英语出版物、针对人类的研究，并截止到 2018 年 8 月。筛选后，仅纳入相关文章。
与正常酶水平的个体相比，几乎没有证据表明 G6PD 缺乏症会导致氧化还原状态、溶血和疲劳、肌红蛋白尿等临床症状的改变，尤其是在剧烈运动后。
对于 G6PD 缺乏症患者来说，运动可以作为改善生活质量的一种手段。然而，目前缺乏训练研究，因此有必要评估定期和系统运动对 G6PD 缺乏症患者的影响。最后，由于 G6PD 缺乏症患者的 GSH 水平较低，因此研究抗氧化剂或半胱氨酸供体补充剂对这些个体运动后氧化还原状态的影响将很有趣。
