North Wales Clinical Psychology Programme, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
Forensic Adolescent Consultation and Therapy Service, North Wales Adolescent Service, Abergele Hospital, Abergele, UK.
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2019 Nov;32(6):1295-1309. doi: 10.1111/jar.12619. Epub 2019 May 15.
Third-wave therapies appear to produce positive outcomes for people without intellectual disabilities. This systematic review aimed to establish which third-wave therapies have been adapted for adults with intellectual disabilities and whether they produced positive outcomes.
Four databases were searched systematically (PsycINFO, Web of Science, MEDLINE and PubMed), yielding 1,395 results. Twenty studies (N = 109) met the present review's inclusion/exclusion criteria.
Included studies used mindfulness-based approaches, dialectical behaviour therapy, compassion focused therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Due to considerable heterogeneity in the designs and outcome measures used, a meta-analysis was not possible.
Evidence indicated that third-wave therapies improved mental health symptoms for some and improved challenging/offending behaviour, smoking and mindfulness/acceptance skills for most. These findings must be interpreted with caution due to the low methodological quality of included studies. Future research should build on the current evidence base, using scientifically rigorous designs and standardized measures.
第三波疗法似乎为没有智力障碍的人带来了积极的结果。本系统评价旨在确定哪些第三波疗法已被改编为智力障碍成年人使用，以及它们是否产生了积极的结果。
系统地搜索了四个数据库（PsycINFO、Web of Science、MEDLINE 和 PubMed），得到了 1395 个结果。20 项研究（N=109）符合本研究的纳入/排除标准。
纳入的研究使用了正念为基础的方法、辩证行为疗法、慈悲聚焦疗法和接纳与承诺疗法。由于所使用的设计和结果测量存在很大的异质性，因此无法进行荟萃分析。
证据表明，第三波疗法改善了一些人的心理健康症状，改善了大多数人的挑战/冒犯行为、吸烟和正念/接受技能。由于纳入研究的方法学质量较低，因此必须谨慎解释这些发现。未来的研究应在现有证据的基础上进行，采用科学严谨的设计和标准化的措施。
