Daly Walter J, Bondurant Stuart
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1963 May 1;18(3):513-518. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1963.18.3.513.
Using a specially designed needle system, pressures were recorded directly from the pleural space in seated normal men. Respiratory pressure changes (ΔP) measured simultaneously from different pleural sites and the esophagus are not the same but become so after a large pneumothorax is produced. Since esophageal ΔP is little affected by a pneumothorax of 2–300 ml, it is suggested that, in the absence of pneumothorax, esophageal ΔP represents a better measure of the over-all elastic behavior of the lung than any local pleural ΔP. In the absence of pneumothorax, ΔP is less in the upper than in the lower chest. This may be an expression of a gradient either of distribution of ventilation or of elastic forces opposing expansion of the lung. In three of four subjects, end expiratory pressure was more positive in the low chest than in the high chest. Acute central vascular engorgement (pressure suit inflation) caused similar changes in esophageal and intrapleural ΔP. These observations confirm the previously observed decrease in lung compliance during acute central vascular engorgement and provide evidence of local differences in respiratory pleural pressure change in man.
使用一种特殊设计的针系统，直接记录了正常坐姿男性胸膜腔的压力。同时从不同胸膜部位和食管测量的呼吸压力变化（ΔP）并不相同，但在产生大量气胸后会变得相同。由于2 - 300毫升的气胸对食管ΔP影响很小，因此表明，在没有气胸的情况下，食管ΔP比任何局部胸膜ΔP更能代表肺的整体弹性行为。在没有气胸的情况下，上胸部的ΔP低于下胸部。这可能是通气分布梯度或对抗肺扩张的弹力梯度的一种表现。在四名受试者中的三名中，呼气末压力在低胸部比高胸部更正。急性中心血管充血（压力服充气）导致食管和胸腔内ΔP发生类似变化。这些观察结果证实了先前观察到的急性中心血管充血期间肺顺应性降低，并提供了人类呼吸胸膜压力变化存在局部差异的证据。
