1 New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, NY, USA.
2 New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2019 Jul/Aug;134(4):404-416. doi: 10.1177/0033354919849881. Epub 2019 May 16.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the United States. The risk for developing CVD is usually calculated and communicated to patients as a percentage. The calculation of heart age-defined as the predicted age of a person's vascular system based on the person's CVD risk factor profile-is an alternative method for expressing CVD risk. We estimated heart age among adults aged 30-74 in New York City and examined disparities in excess heart age by race/ethnicity and sex.
We applied data from the 2011, 2013, and 2015 New York State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to the non-laboratory-based Framingham risk score functions to calculate 10-year CVD risk and heart age by sex, race/ethnicity, and selected sociodemographic groups and risk factors.
Of 6117 men and women in the study sample, the average heart age was 5.7 years higher than the chronological age, and 2631 (43%) adults had a predicted heart age ≥5 years older than their chronological age. Mean excess heart age increased with age (from 0.7 year among adults aged 30-39 to 11.2 years among adults aged 60-74) and body mass index (from 1.1 year among adults with normal weight to 11.8 years among adults with obesity). Non-Latino white women had the lowest mean excess heart age (2.3 years), and non-Latino black men and women had the highest excess heart age (8.4 years).
Racial/ethnic and sex disparities in CVD risk persist among adults in New York City. Use of heart age at the population level can support public awareness and inform targeted programs and interventions for population subgroups most at risk for CVD.
心血管疾病（CVD）是美国的主要死亡原因。通常会计算并向患者传达 CVD 的风险，以百分比表示。心脏年龄的计算方法是根据个人的 CVD 风险因素概况来预测一个人的血管系统的预测年龄，这是表达 CVD 风险的另一种方法。我们估计了纽约市 30-74 岁成年人的心脏年龄，并检查了种族/族裔和性别的过量心脏年龄差异。
我们应用了 2011 年、2013 年和 2015 年纽约州行为风险因素监测系统的数据，基于非实验室的弗雷明汉风险评分函数，按性别、种族/族裔以及选定的社会人口学群体和危险因素计算 10 年 CVD 风险和心脏年龄。
在研究样本中的 6117 名男性和女性中，平均心脏年龄比实际年龄大 5.7 岁，2631 名（43%）成年人的预测心脏年龄比实际年龄大 5 岁以上。平均超额心脏年龄随年龄增长而增加（从 30-39 岁成年人的 0.7 岁增加到 60-74 岁成年人的 11.2 岁）和体重指数（从正常体重成年人的 1.1 岁增加到肥胖成年人的 11.8 岁）。非拉丁裔白种女性的平均超额心脏年龄最低（2.3 岁），非拉丁裔黑种男性和女性的超额心脏年龄最高（8.4 岁）。
在纽约市的成年人中，CVD 风险的种族/族裔和性别差异仍然存在。在人群水平上使用心脏年龄可以提高公众意识，并为 CVD 风险最高的人群亚组提供有针对性的计划和干预措施。
