Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
HOME Research Hub, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Disabil Rehabil. 2021 Jan;43(1):1-12. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1612471. Epub 2019 May 17.
To synthesise current literature regarding applications of universal design (UD) to built environments that promote social participation, identify areas of agreement and areas requiring further attention and development. Occupations refer to personally meaningful activities, which people need, want or must do as part of their daily life.
Recently published literature (January 2011-December 2017) relevant to UD and built environments, and pertaining to any discipline or professional area, were identified via a systematic search of databases in the EbscoHOST platform. The person-environment-occupation (PEO) model was chosen as a theoretical framework for the review, which included a sample of 33 peer reviewed journal articles.
The current discourse is driven more by description, discussion, and commentary than empirical approaches; although, a combination of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches was employed. Much of the current discourse on UD and the built environment focuses on the person and the environment, with the occupations carried out in built environments and the interaction between these domains not referred to in much detail.
Including occupations, social participation, multi- and trans-disciplinary collaboration, and multicultural perspectives in the ongoing discourse around UD would enable the concept to reach its full potential as a medium for social justice. Implications for Rehabilitation The universal design (UD) process must account for the occupations that people perform in the built environment. Multi-disciplinary research and development, using multiple methods, is the most appropriate approach to investigate the application of UD to the built environment. Key areas of contention within the current discourse include meaningful inclusion of non-professional stakeholders, tensions between embracing and eliminating diversity and how professional education should be delivered.
综合当前关于通用设计（UD）在促进社会参与的建筑环境中的应用的文献，确定共识领域和需要进一步关注和发展的领域。职业是指人们作为日常生活的一部分需要、想要或必须做的有意义的个人活动。
通过系统搜索 EbscoHOST 平台上的数据库，确定了与 UD 和建筑环境相关的最近发表的文献（2011 年 1 月至 2017 年 12 月），这些文献涉及任何学科或专业领域。该研究采用人-环境-职业（PEO）模型作为理论框架，其中包括 33 篇同行评审期刊文章的样本。
目前的讨论更多地是基于描述、讨论和评论，而不是实证方法；尽管采用了定量、定性和混合方法相结合的方法。目前关于 UD 和建筑环境的大部分讨论都集中在人和环境上，而在建筑环境中进行的职业活动以及这些领域之间的相互作用并没有详细提及。
将职业、社会参与、多学科和跨学科合作以及多元文化视角纳入关于 UD 的持续讨论中，将使这一概念作为社会公正的媒介充分发挥其潜力。
通用设计（UD）过程必须考虑到人们在建筑环境中进行的职业活动。采用多学科研究和发展，使用多种方法，是研究 UD 在建筑环境中的应用的最合适方法。当前讨论中的关键争议领域包括非专业利益相关者的有意义参与、在接受和消除多样性之间的紧张关系以及如何提供专业教育。
