Managing Immuno-Oncology Toxicity: Top 10 Innovative Institutional Solutions.

Expanded use of immuno-oncology (IO) therapy to treat cancer has led to an increased frequency of novel toxicities known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Delayed recognition of IO toxicity can be life-threatening or even fatal. To address this issue, intervention is possible at three levels: patients, medical providers, and institutions. Patients and the medical community need institutional safeguards in place to promote swift recognition, assessment, and treatment of IO toxicity. Patients receiving IO therapy must be educated to identify the drugs they have received and to recognize potential IO toxicity, and they must know how to report symptoms. Medical providers must be able to reliably identify that patients have received IO therapy as well as recognize rare or subtle symptoms of IO toxicity. Institutions can establish guidelines and order sets to standardize the treatment of patients receiving IO therapy with irAEs, including the complex management of steroid-refractory irAEs. Additional interventions at an institutional level include identification of IO toxicity champions (subspecialists with expertise in IO toxicity), creating immunotherapy-specific tumor boards and lecture series to educate clinicians and staff, and establishing research programs to evaluate IO toxicity. IO therapy and toxicity experiences must be published and shared with both oncology and nononcology providers in the local, national, and international medical community. These efforts aim to improve patient-related outcomes, increase provider education and awareness, and build institutional safety standards for our oncology patients.