Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Eur Psychiatry. 2019 Aug;60:41-48. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.04.010. Epub 2019 May 14.
Current treatments for smoking cessation are not effective for most smokers. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on smoking cessation.
In this randomized, sham-controlled trial study, tobacco-dependent (by DSM-5) male participants were recruited from the general public invitation. Participants were randomly allocated to 5 groups; (A), treatment with 300 mg bupropion for 8 weeks; (B), active tDCS (20 sessions for 4 weeks); (C), sham for group B ; (D), active tDCS (20 sessions for 12 weeks), and (E), sham for group D. The electrode montage was anode F3 and cathode F4. Study outcomes include salivary cotinine, Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence, and smoked cigarette per day, were examined on three time points. Repeated-measures analysis of variances and the generalized estimation equation (GEE) model were employed for data analysis.
Among 210 volunteers, 170 participants completed the study. Mean age of participants was 42.9 years, ranging from 21 to 64 years. The 6-month point abstinence rates in groups A, B and D were 20%, 7% and 25.7%, and in C, D sham groups were 3.1% and 3% respectively. Results of the GEE model showed that although group D was not different from group A in abstinence rate, i.e., salivary cotinine >4 (p = 0.266), nicotine dependency by Fagerstrom test was lower in this group compared to group A (p = 0.019).
The 12-week tDCS had a clinically good therapeutic effect on smoking cessation and its dependency. It may be a substitute for bupropion treatment.
目前的戒烟治疗方法对大多数吸烟者并不有效。本研究旨在探讨经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）对戒烟的效果。
在这项随机、假对照试验研究中，从公众邀请中招募了符合 DSM-5 标准的男性烟草依赖者（尼古丁依赖者）作为参与者。参与者被随机分配到 5 个组；（A），8 周内服用 300mg 安非他酮；（B），4 周内进行 20 次的 tDCS 治疗；（C），B 组的假刺激；（D），12 周内进行 20 次 tDCS 治疗；（E），D 组的假刺激。电极放置为阳极 F3 和阴极 F4。研究结果包括唾液可替宁、尼古丁依赖 Fagerstrom 测试和每天吸烟量，在三个时间点进行检查。采用重复测量方差分析和广义估计方程（GEE）模型进行数据分析。
在 210 名志愿者中，有 170 名参与者完成了研究。参与者的平均年龄为 42.9 岁，年龄范围为 21 至 64 岁。A、B 和 D 组在 6 个月时的戒烟率分别为 20%、7%和 25.7%，C 和 D 组的假刺激组分别为 3.1%和 3%。GEE 模型的结果表明，虽然 D 组的戒烟率与 A 组无差异，即唾液可替宁>4（p=0.266），但 Fagerstrom 测试尼古丁依赖程度低于 A 组（p=0.019）。
12 周的 tDCS 对戒烟和依赖性有很好的临床疗效。它可能是安非他酮治疗的替代品。
