氨氮、亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐对低盐度水中凡纳滨对虾幼虾的毒性及其在三元暴露实验中的环境影响。
Toxicity of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate to Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles in low-salinity water in single and ternary exposure experiments and their environmental implications.
机构信息
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, ICML-UNAM, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Joel Montes Camarena s/n, Mazatlán, 82040, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n, Mazatlán, 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico.
出版信息
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2019 Aug;70:103193. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.05.002. Epub 2019 May 8.
Information on toxicity of nitrogen compounds for Litopenaeus vannamei in coastal ecosystems and culture under low salinity is scarce. Acute toxicity trials were conducted in L. vannamei to determine the single and combined effects of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate at a salinity of 3 g/L. The 96 h-LC was 29.0 mg/L for total ammonia nitrogen (TAN); 10.6 mg/L for nitrogen as nitrite (NO-N); and 900 mg/L for nitrogen as nitrate (NO-N). The joint effects of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate exposure were antagonistic at 24-72 h; and additive from 72 to 96 h. The proposed safety levels of single exposure to TAN, NO-N and NO-N for L. vannamei are 1.45, 0.53 and 45.0 mg/L, respectively. When in mixture, the proposed level of TAN/NO-N/NO-N is 0.05 TU (Toxicity Unit) corresponding to 0.48, 0.08 and 14.6 mg/L of TAN, NO-N and NO-N, respectively.
有关氮化合物对沿海生态系统和低盐度下养殖凡纳滨对虾的毒性信息较为缺乏。本研究在盐度为 3g/L 的条件下进行了凡纳滨对虾的急性毒性试验，以确定氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮的单一和联合效应。总氨氮（TAN）的 96 小时半致死浓度（LC50）为 29.0mg/L；亚硝酸氮（NO-N）的 LC50 为 10.6mg/L；硝酸氮（NO-N）的 LC50 为 900mg/L。暴露于氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮 24-72 小时时，联合效应为拮抗；72-96 小时时为相加。单一暴露于 TAN、NO-N 和 NO-N 时，凡纳滨对虾的安全水平分别为 1.45、0.53 和 45.0mg/L。当混合暴露时，TAN/NO-N/NO-N 的建议水平为 0.05 TU（毒性单位），相当于 TAN、NO-N 和 NO-N 分别为 0.48、0.08 和 14.6mg/L。
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