Li Xuanting, Deng Xisha, Hou Dongwei, Zeng Shenzheng, Deng Zhixuan, Zhou Renjun, Zhang Lingyu, Hou Qilu, Chen Qi, Weng Shaoping, He Jianguo, Huang Zhijian
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.
School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.
Adv Biotechnol (Singap). 2024 Jan 26;2(1):1. doi: 10.1007/s44307-023-00008-2.
Ammonia stress was detrimental to shrimp, but how water ammonia nitrogen (ammonia-N) influences the shrimp's health remains unclear. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the effects of water ammonia-N on hemolymph ammonia-N concentration, hepatopancreas structure, and the intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei with four experiments. We found that the concentration of ammonia-N in shrimp hemolymph was significantly higher than that in pond water, indicating that water ammonia-N stimulates the accumulation of hemolymph ammonia-N. Results also indicated that the hemolymph ammonia-N accumulation would disrupt the hepatopancreas structure and alter the intestinal microbial composition. The concentration of hemolymph ammonia-N and severity of hepatopancreas damage positively correlated with water ammonia-N concentration. However, though the diversity of intestinal microbiota was varied by ammonia-N, there were no significant differences between groups, suggesting that the variation was relatively minimal. Furthermore, returning shrimp to pristine water after ammonia-N exposure could reduce the hemolymph ammonia-N concentration and the mortality rate. This study provides evidence of temporal variations in hemolymph ammonia-N concentration, hepatopancreatic structure, and intestinal microbiota under different water ammonia-N levels, which might shed insights into ecological cognition on scientific management of shrimp culture and microecological prevention of shrimp health.
氨应激对虾有害，但水体氨氮如何影响虾的健康仍不清楚。因此，本研究设计了四个实验来探究水体氨氮对凡纳滨对虾血淋巴氨氮浓度、肝胰腺结构和肠道微生物群的影响。我们发现，虾血淋巴中的氨氮浓度显著高于池塘水体中的氨氮浓度，这表明水体氨氮会刺激血淋巴氨氮的积累。结果还表明，血淋巴氨氮的积累会破坏肝胰腺结构并改变肠道微生物组成。血淋巴氨氮浓度和肝胰腺损伤的严重程度与水体氨氮浓度呈正相关。然而，尽管氨氮会使肠道微生物群的多样性发生变化，但各组之间没有显著差异，这表明这种变化相对较小。此外，在氨氮暴露后将虾放回原始水体中，可以降低血淋巴氨氮浓度和死亡率。本研究提供了不同水体氨氮水平下血淋巴氨氮浓度、肝胰腺结构和肠道微生物群的时间变化证据，这可能为虾类养殖的科学管理和虾类健康的微生态预防的生态认知提供见解。
