University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan, China.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2019 Sep;103(5):1492-1502. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13123. Epub 2019 May 20.
This study evaluated the effect of high or low digestible energy ratio of carbohydrate in a high or normal dietary energy density on performance, amino acid utilization and intestinal functions of weaned piglets. A total of 32 healthy weaners (9.60 ± 0.13 kg) were allocated to two dietary energy densities (3,400 and 3,800 kcal/kg) and two digestible energy ratio of carbohydrate to fat (9:1 and 3:1) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. There were eight piglets per treatment. The feed intake of piglets was significantly increased by dietary high carbohydrate ratio (9:1) (p < 0.01); however, this did not result in improved body weight gain (p > 0.05). The piglets fed high carbohydrate energy ratio had a reduced villus height/crypt depth (VH/CD) ratio in the duodenum (p < 0.05), and dietary high energy density further decreased the VH/CD ratio in the ileum (p < 0.01). In the duodenum, the lymphocyte count was increased by dietary high energy density (p < 0.05), while dietary energy density and carbohydrate energy ratio interacted to increase lymphocyte count in the ileum (p < 0.05). The serum cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein were not significantly affected (p > 0.05), but dietary energy density interacted with dietary energy ratio to increase high-density lipoprotein concentration (p < 0.05) in piglets fed reduced carbohydrate energy ratio. Dietary high energy density reduced energy digestibility (p < 0.05), whereas high carbohydrate energy ratio increased crude protein digestibility in the piglets (p < 0.05). The intestinal sucrase, lactase activities and serum concentrations of histidine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, alanine, glycine, tyrosine and citrulline were higher in the piglets fed dietary increased carbohydrate energy ratio. Oxidative stress markers and volatile fatty acids concentrations were altered by the dietary treatments. It was concluded that dietary high energy density could be detrimental to piglets intestinal functions and that increased carbohydrate energy ratio could affect amino acid utilization and body weight gain in weaner pigs.
本研究评估了高或低可消化能与碳水化合物的比例在高或正常饮食能量密度对断奶仔猪生产性能、氨基酸利用率和肠道功能的影响。将 32 头健康断奶仔猪（9.60±0.13kg）分配到两种日粮能量密度（3400 和 3800kcal/kg）和两种碳水化合物与脂肪的可消化能比（9:1 和 3:1）的 2×2 析因设计中。每个处理组有 8 头仔猪。日粮高碳水化合物比例（9:1）显著增加仔猪的采食量（p<0.01）；然而，这并没有导致体重增加（p>0.05）。饲喂高碳水化合物能量比的仔猪十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度（VH/CD）比值降低（p<0.05），而高日粮能量密度进一步降低了空肠 VH/CD 比值（p<0.01）。在十二指肠中，高日粮能量密度增加了淋巴细胞计数（p<0.05），而日粮能量密度和碳水化合物能量比相互作用增加了空肠淋巴细胞计数（p<0.05）。血清胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白没有显著影响（p>0.05），但日粮能量密度与日粮能量比相互作用增加了饲喂低碳水化合物能量比的仔猪高密度脂蛋白浓度（p<0.05）。高日粮能量密度降低了能量消化率（p<0.05），而高碳水化合物能量比增加了仔猪粗蛋白消化率（p<0.05）。仔猪饲喂高碳水化合物能量日粮后，蔗糖酶、乳糖酶活性以及血清组氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、酪氨酸和瓜氨酸浓度升高。日粮处理改变了氧化应激标志物和挥发性脂肪酸浓度。结论：高日粮能量密度可能对仔猪肠道功能有害，增加碳水化合物能量比可能影响断奶仔猪的氨基酸利用率和体重增加。
