Cheng Kang, Niu Jingyi, Hu Daizi, Yao Jinxiu, Zhao Hongyue, Yang Mingjun, Wang Jinrong, Zhang Yong
School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
J Poult Sci. 2025 Apr 22;62:2025015. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.2025015. eCollection 2025.
The present study evaluated the effect of different dietary energy levels on reproductive performance in breeding pigeons, as well as growth performance and intestinal health in squabs. In total, 180 pairs of 12-month-old White King breeding pigeons were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, each with six replicates of six pairs of birds, and fed diets containing 11.60, 11.80, 12.00, 12.20, and 12.40 MJ/kg for 46 days, respectively. Energy content beyond 12.00 MJ/kg shortened the laying interval (linear and quadratic, <0.05), while boosting 38-day, 42-day, and 46-day laying rates (linear, <0.05) in breeding pigeons. Except for the early stage of lactation, feed intake showed a linear and/or quadratic negative relationship with dietary energy content (<0.05). Body weight at 1 week of age, average daily gain during the early growth stages, and serum total protein of squabs increased with increasing dietary energy content (linear, <0.05); whereas alanine aminotransferase activity decreased (quadratic, <0.05). Jejunal villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio in squabs increased with increasing dietary energy levels (linear and quadratic, <0.05), particularly in the 12.40 MJ/kg group. Higher dietary energy content increased jejunal malondialdehyde content (linear, <0.05), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and glutathione peroxidase activities (linear, <0.05), as well as ileal T-SOD (linear and quadratic, <0.05) and catalase (quadratic, <0.05) activities in squabs. Hence, intakes greater than 12.00 MJ/kg altered the jejunal redox status. Finally, higher dietary energy content improved reproduction in breeding pigeons and intestinal morphology in squabs. Overall, 12.00 MJ/kg strikes the right balance as it promotes reproductive performance in breeding pigeons and intestinal health in squabs.
本研究评估了不同日粮能量水平对种鸽繁殖性能以及乳鸽生长性能和肠道健康的影响。总共180对12月龄的白王种鸽被随机分配到五种日粮处理组，每组六对鸽子，重复六次，分别饲喂能量含量为11.60、11.80、12.00、12.20和12.40 MJ/kg的日粮，持续46天。能量含量超过12.00 MJ/kg缩短了种鸽的产蛋间隔（线性和二次项，P<0.05），同时提高了38天、42天和46天的产蛋率（线性，P<0.05）。除泌乳早期外，采食量与日粮能量含量呈线性和/或二次项负相关（P<0.05）。乳鸽1周龄体重、生长早期平均日增重和血清总蛋白随日粮能量含量增加而升高（线性，P<0.05）；而丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性降低（二次项，P<0.05）。乳鸽空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值随日粮能量水平升高而增加（线性和二次项，P<0.05），特别是在12.40 MJ/kg组。较高的日粮能量含量增加了乳鸽空肠丙二醛含量（线性，P<0.05）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性（线性，P<0.05），以及回肠T-SOD（线性和二次项，P<0.05）和过氧化氢酶活性（二次项，P<0.05）。因此，摄入量大于12.00 MJ/kg改变了空肠氧化还原状态。最后，较高的日粮能量含量改善了种鸽的繁殖性能和乳鸽的肠道形态。总体而言，12.00 MJ/kg达到了最佳平衡，因为它促进了种鸽的繁殖性能和乳鸽的肠道健康。
