Appel J, Szüle P
Acta Morphol Hung. 1986;34(3):163-70.
The ultrastructure of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) was studied in smokers, non-smokers, and in patients with alveolar proteinosis, Boeck-sarcoidosis and heavy-metal coniosis. Cells were collected from therapeutic or diagnostic bronchial lavage-fluid. Typical alterations are reported for each disease studied. Diagnostic bronchial lavage has opened new perspectives in pulmonology. However, the study of the cellular constituents of the lavage requires in addition to morphology, biochemical and immunological techniques. The most frequently occurring cell type of the bronchial lavage is alveolar macrophage (AM, AMA, PAM). In the intact lung its number amounts to 15 X 10(9). These cells are 12-20 microns in diameter and when stained with Giemsa, dark blue cytoplasmic granules and cytoplasmic vacuoles are seen. They are PAS-positive and contain a negligible amount of lipids. Cytochemistry has shown several enzymes in PAM. With transmission electron microscopy a polymorphic, excentric nucleus and single membrane-bound cytoplasmic inclusions were demonstrated. The surface properties of PAM were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The aim of the present study was to give account of electron microscopic findings in therapeutic and diagnostic bronchial lavage.
对吸烟者、非吸烟者、肺泡蛋白沉积症患者、结节病患者及重金属尘肺患者的肺泡巨噬细胞（PAM）超微结构进行了研究。细胞取自治疗性或诊断性支气管灌洗液体。报告了所研究的每种疾病的典型改变。诊断性支气管灌洗为肺病学开辟了新的前景。然而，对灌洗细胞成分的研究除形态学外，还需要生化和免疫技术。支气管灌洗中最常见的细胞类型是肺泡巨噬细胞（AM、AMA、PAM）。在完整的肺中，其数量达15×10⁹。这些细胞直径为12 - 20微米，用吉姆萨染色时，可见深蓝色细胞质颗粒和细胞质空泡。它们PAS阳性，含少量脂质。细胞化学显示PAM中有几种酶。透射电子显微镜显示有一个多形的、偏心的细胞核和单个膜结合的细胞质内含物。通过扫描电子显微镜研究了PAM的表面特性。本研究的目的是阐述治疗性和诊断性支气管灌洗的电子显微镜检查结果。
