Farkas M D, Rogers E S, Thurer S
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1987 Aug;38(8):864-70. doi: 10.1176/ps.38.8.864.
In 1979 a Massachusetts state hospital initiated a plan to transfer 54 long-term residents of two wards to the community through a series of increasingly independent working and living arrangements. This study assesses the patients' residential and vocational status and living skills over a five-year period beginning in February 1979. The patients demonstrated a significant increase in living independence, but only eight were able to live continuously in the community after their discharge, and 24 never left the hospital. Overall, vocational status did not improve, and living skills improved only slightly. Living skills and vocational status were predictive of living independence. The authors identify several steps that the mental health field should take to promote success among chronic patients, deinstitutionalized or not.
1979年，马萨诸塞州的一家州立医院启动了一项计划，通过一系列日益独立的工作和生活安排，将两个病房的54名长期住院患者转移到社区。本研究评估了从1979年2月开始的五年期间患者的居住和职业状况以及生活技能。患者的生活独立性显著提高，但出院后只有8人能够持续居住在社区，24人从未离开过医院。总体而言，职业状况没有改善，生活技能仅略有提高。生活技能和职业状况可预测生活独立性。作者确定了心理健康领域为促进慢性病患者（无论是否已非机构化）成功应采取的几个步骤。
