Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019 Nov-Dec;7(8):2812-2820.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.05.009. Epub 2019 May 22.
BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by mucosal inflammation in the nose and paranasal sinuses. Inflammation in CRS is also heterogeneous and is mainly characterized by type 2 (T2) inflammation, but subsets of patients show type 1 (T1) and type 3 (T3) inflammation. Whether inflammatory endotypes are associated with clinical phenotypes has yet to be explored in detail. OBJECTIVE: To identify associations between inflammatory endotypes and clinical presentations in CRS. METHODS: We compared 121 patients with nonpolypoid CRS (CRSsNP) and 134 patients with polypoid CRS (CRSwNP) and identified inflammatory endotypes using markers including IFN-γ (T1), eosinophil cationic protein (T2), Charcot-Leyden crystal galectin (T2), and IL-17A (T3). We collected clinical parameters from medical and surgical records and examined whether there were any associations between endotype and clinical features. RESULTS: The presence of nasal polyps, asthma comorbidity, smell loss, and allergic mucin was significantly associated with the presence of T2 endotype in all patients with CRS. The T1 endotype was significantly more common in females, and the presence of pus was significantly associated with T3 endotype in all patients with CRS. We further analyzed these associations in CRSsNP and CRSwNP separately and found that smell loss was still associated with T2 endotype and pus with the T3 endotype in both CRSsNP and CRSwNP. Importantly, patients with CRS with T2 and T3 mixed endotype tended to have clinical presentations shared by both T2 and T3 endotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical presentations are directly associated with inflammatory endotypes in CRS. Identification of inflammatory endotypes may allow for more precise and personalized medical treatments in CRS.
背景:慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)是一种以鼻腔和鼻旁窦黏膜炎症为特征的异质性疾病。CRS 中的炎症也是异质性的,主要表现为 2 型(T2)炎症,但部分患者表现为 1 型(T1)和 3 型(T3)炎症。炎症表型是否与临床表型相关尚未详细探讨。
目的:确定 CRS 中的炎症表型与临床表现之间的关联。
方法:我们比较了 121 例非息肉性 CRS(CRSsNP)患者和 134 例息肉性 CRS(CRSwNP)患者,并使用 IFN-γ(T1)、嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(T2)、Charcot-Leyden 晶体半乳糖凝集素(T2)和 IL-17A(T3)等标志物来确定炎症表型。我们从医疗和手术记录中收集了临床参数,并检查了表型与临床特征之间是否存在任何关联。
结果:在所有 CRS 患者中,鼻息肉、哮喘合并症、嗅觉丧失和过敏性粘蛋白的存在与 T2 表型的存在显著相关。T1 表型在女性中更为常见,在所有 CRS 患者中,脓液的存在与 T3 表型显著相关。我们进一步分别对 CRSsNP 和 CRSwNP 进行了这些关联分析,发现嗅觉丧失仍然与 T2 表型相关,脓液与 T3 表型相关,在 CRSsNP 和 CRSwNP 中均如此。重要的是,具有 T2 和 T3 混合表型的 CRS 患者往往具有 T2 和 T3 表型共同的临床表现。
结论:CRS 的临床表现与炎症表型直接相关。识别炎症表型可能为 CRS 提供更精确和个性化的医疗治疗。
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