CERVO Brain Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
CERVO Brain Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
Brain Res. 2019 Sep 15;1719:89-103. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.05.016. Epub 2019 May 23.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a sexually dimorphic disease. This sexual dimorphism is believed to result from sex-specific molecular alterations affecting functional pathways regulating the capacity of males and females to cope with daily life stress differently. Transcriptional changes associated with epigenetic alterations have been observed in the brain of males and females with depression. Similar changes have also been reported in different animal models of stress-induced depressive-like behaviors. Although the vast majority of work has been performed in males, a series of genome wide and gene candidate studies have assessed the extent of these molecular alterations in the brain of males and females revealing sex-specific changes in critical systems controlling mood. This review examines the current literature and summarizes the recent findings exploring the sexual dimorphism underlying the molecular mechanism involved in the expression of MDD.
重性抑郁障碍（MDD）是一种存在性别差异的疾病。这种性别差异被认为是由特定于性别的分子改变引起的，这些改变影响了调节男性和女性应对日常生活压力的功能途径的能力。在患有抑郁症的男性和女性的大脑中观察到与表观遗传改变相关的转录变化。在不同的应激诱导的抑郁样行为动物模型中也报道了类似的变化。尽管绝大多数工作都是在男性中进行的，但一系列全基因组和基因候选研究评估了这些分子改变在男性和女性大脑中的程度，揭示了控制情绪的关键系统中存在性别特异性变化。这篇综述检查了目前的文献，并总结了最近的研究结果，这些结果探讨了参与 MDD 表达的分子机制中的性别差异的基础。
