Almutairi Abdullah Saleh, Walid Maher Abdullatif, Alkhodary Mohamed Ahmed
Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
F1000Res. 2018 Dec 5;7:1898. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.17292.1. eCollection 2018.
It is difficult to achieve good primary stability of dental implants in soft bone, such as that in the posterior maxillae. Osseodensification (OD) burs, working in a non-subtractive fashion, condense the implant osteotomy bone in lateral direction and increase in the bone implant contact. Also, dental implants with deeper threads, and decreased thread pitch can increase initial bone implant anchorage. : This study utilized 48 custom-made machined surface dental implants that were 13 mm long, with a major diameter of 4.5 mm and a minor diameter of 3.5 mm, a thread pitch of 1 mm, a thread depth of 0.5 mm, and a 4 mm long cutting flute at the apex. The implants were divided into 4 groups, each group was made of 12 implants with a different thread design; V-shaped, trapezoid, buttress, and reverse buttress. The implants were inserted in 4-mm thick cancellous bone slices obtained from the head of Cow femur bone. The ostoetomies were prepared by conventional drilling and by OD drilling. Each inserted implant was then tested for primary stability using the Periotest. The Periotest values (PTVs) for the implant stability were tabulated and analyzed using a chi square test at significance level p< 0.05. The results of this this study revealed no statistically significant difference between the Periotest readings for the implants in each category placed in either the OD or the regular osteotomies. However, it has been found that the implants placed in regular drilling ostoetomies had a significantly better primary stability than the implants placed in OD osteotomies. It was concluded that OD is not necessary in situations where there is bone of good quality and quantity.
在软质骨（如后上颌骨的骨质）中，很难实现牙种植体良好的初期稳定性。骨致密化（OD）钻针以非减材方式工作，在侧向压缩种植体截骨部位的骨，增加骨与种植体的接触。此外，具有更深螺纹且螺距减小的牙种植体可增强初期骨与种植体的锚固力。本研究使用了48颗定制的机械加工表面牙种植体，其长度为13毫米，大直径为4.5毫米，小直径为3.5毫米，螺距为1毫米，螺纹深度为0.5毫米，顶端有4毫米长的切割槽。种植体分为4组，每组由12颗具有不同螺纹设计的种植体组成；V形、梯形、支撑形和反支撑形。将种植体植入从牛股骨头部获取的4毫米厚的松质骨切片中。截骨通过传统钻孔和OD钻孔制备。然后使用Periotest对每个植入的种植体进行初期稳定性测试。将种植体稳定性的Periotest值（PTV）制成表格，并使用显著性水平p<0.05的卡方检验进行分析。本研究结果显示，在OD截骨或常规截骨中植入的各类种植体的Periotest读数之间无统计学显著差异。然而，已发现常规钻孔截骨中植入的种植体比OD截骨中植入的种植体具有明显更好的初期稳定性。得出的结论是，在骨质和骨量良好的情况下，OD并非必要。
