Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan.
Cells. 2019 May 20;8(5):480. doi: 10.3390/cells8050480.
The RNA gene (NCBI ID: 10866) is located centromeric of the gene and between the and genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I region. It is a human species-specific gene that codes for a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), composed mostly of an ancient ancestral endogenous antisense 3' long terminal repeat (LTR, and part of the internal antisense sequence of endogenous retrovirus (ERV) type 16 linked to a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I promoter and leader sequence at the 5'-end. Since its discovery in 1993, many disease association and gene expression studies have shown that is a regulatory lncRNA involved in adaptive and innate immune responses and associated with the promotion of some autoimmune diseases and cancers. The gene sequence acts as a genomic anchor point for binding transcription factors, enhancers, and chromatin remodeling enzymes in the regulation of transcription and chromatin folding. The antisense retroviral transcript also interacts with regulatory microRNA and immune and cellular checkpoints in cancers suggesting its potential as a drug target for novel antitumor therapeutics.
RNA 基因（NCBI ID：10866）位于基因的着丝粒中心，位于主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）I 类区域的基因和基因之间。它是一种人类种特异性基因，编码长非编码 RNA（lncRNA），主要由古老的内源性反义 3'长末端重复（LTR 和部分内源性逆转录病毒（ERV）类型 16 的内部反义序列组成，与人类白细胞抗原（HLA）I 类启动子和 5'端的前导序列相连。自 1993 年发现以来，许多疾病关联和基因表达研究表明，是一种调节性 lncRNA，参与适应性和先天免疫反应，并与某些自身免疫性疾病和癌症的发生有关。基因序列作为基因组锚定点，用于结合转录因子、增强子和染色质重塑酶，调节转录和染色质折叠。反义逆转录病毒转录本还与癌症中的调节 microRNA 和免疫及细胞检查点相互作用，表明其作为新型抗肿瘤治疗药物的潜在靶点。
