加纳五岁以下儿童体重不足的预测因素。
Predictors of underweight in children under-five years in Ghana.
作者信息
Acquah Evelyn, Darteh Eugene K M, Amu Hubert, Adjei Daniel K A
机构信息
Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
出版信息
Ghana Med J. 2019 Mar;53(1):71-78. doi: 10.4314/gmj.v53i1.11.
BACKGROUND
Underweight is a key indicator of malnutrition in children and results in long term effects such as abnormalities in physical and mental health, behavioural problems, and low educational achievement.
OBJECTIVE
Using the conceptual framework for child malnutrition by the United Nations Children's Fund, we examined the predictors of underweight in children under five years in Ghana.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study made use of data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 2720 children were included in the analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistics comprising frequency, percentage, chi-square, and binary logistic regression were used in analysing the data.
RESULTS
The prevalence of underweight was 11%. Age, wealth status, mother's education, region, ethnicity, household toilet facility, the source of drinking water, the incidence of diarrhoea, and subscription to health insurance significantly predicted underweight in the children. The risk of being underweight was higher in females than males (OR=1.04, 95% CI=0.81-1.34). This was, however, not statistically significant. The probability of being underweight also declined significantly with mother's level of education.
CONCLUSION
Our findings underscore the need for the Ghana Health Service and other health sector stakeholders to apportion interventions with a focus on improving complementary feeding, poverty alleviation, and health status of children.
FUNDING
No funding was received for the study.
背景
体重不足是儿童营养不良的关键指标，会导致长期影响，如身心健康异常、行为问题和低学业成就。
目的
利用联合国儿童基金会的儿童营养不良概念框架，我们研究了加纳五岁以下儿童体重不足的预测因素。
方法
这项横断面研究利用了2014年加纳人口与健康调查的数据。共有2720名儿童纳入分析。描述性和推断性统计，包括频率、百分比、卡方检验和二元逻辑回归，用于分析数据。
结果
体重不足的患病率为11%。年龄、财富状况、母亲教育程度、地区、种族、家庭厕所设施、饮用水来源、腹泻发病率和是否参加医疗保险显著预测了儿童的体重不足。女性体重不足的风险高于男性（OR=1.04，95%CI=0.81-1.34）。然而，这在统计学上并不显著。体重不足的概率也随着母亲教育程度的提高而显著下降。
结论
我们的研究结果强调，加纳卫生服务机构和其他卫生部门利益相关者需要分配干预措施，重点是改善儿童的辅食喂养、扶贫和健康状况。
资金
该研究未获得资金。
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