Morgan Clint N, Ammerman Loren K, Demere Krysta D, Doty Jeffrey B, Nakazawa Yoshinori J, Mauldin Matthew R
Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Div of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Department of Biology, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX 76909, USA.
Occas Pap Tex Tech Univ Mus. 2019;360. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
Bats are the second most speciose lineage of mammals with more than 1,300 recognized species. Overall, bats are extremely ecologically and morphologically diverse, making them of interest to a wide variety of biologists. Bats are also known reservoirs for an assortment of zoonotic diseases, including rabies, for which they are commonly tested if identified as sick, behaving abnormally, or in instances where there has been a significant human exposure. In these cases, proper identification of bat species is important to public health experts as it will inform future testing procedures and management practices, as well as broaden our understanding of rabies virus bat variant distributions and disease ecology. Despite the multiple disciplines interested in bats, no key has been developed which includes all species found within the United States. For this reason, a dichotomous key and bat identification guide, designed to differentiate bats to species level, has been developed. This document can be used by people with a variety of backgrounds to morphologically identify bats quickly and accurately using only a scale, a ruler, and attention to detail.
蝙蝠是哺乳动物中物种第二丰富的谱系，有超过1300种已被确认的物种。总体而言，蝙蝠在生态和形态上极其多样，这使得它们成为众多生物学家感兴趣的对象。蝙蝠也是多种人畜共患病的已知宿主，包括狂犬病，如果它们被识别为生病、行为异常或在有大量人类接触的情况下，通常会对其进行检测。在这些情况下，准确识别蝙蝠物种对公共卫生专家很重要，因为这将为未来的检测程序和管理实践提供信息，同时也能拓宽我们对狂犬病病毒蝙蝠变种分布和疾病生态学的理解。尽管有多个学科对蝙蝠感兴趣，但尚未开发出包含美国境内所有蝙蝠物种的检索表。因此，已编制了一份旨在将蝙蝠区分到物种水平的二分检索表和蝙蝠识别指南。具有各种背景的人都可以使用这份文件，仅通过一把比例尺、一把尺子并注重细节，就能从形态上快速准确地识别蝙蝠。
