Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
J Biol Inorg Chem. 2019 Jun;24(4):443-455. doi: 10.1007/s00775-019-01669-y. Epub 2019 May 31.
Proteins are an important component of living systems and play a crucial role in various physiological functions. Fluorescence imaging of proteins is a powerful tool for monitoring protein dynamics. Fluorescent protein (FP)-based labeling methods are frequently used to monitor the movement and interaction of cellular proteins. However, alternative methods have also been developed that allow the use of synthetic fluorescent probes to target a protein of interest (POI). Synthetic fluorescent probes have various advantages over FP-based labeling methods. They are smaller in size than the fluorescent proteins, offer a wide variety of colors and have improved photochemical properties. There are various chemical recognition-based labeling techniques that can be used for labeling a POI with a synthetic probe. In this review, we focus on the development of protein-labeling systems, particularly the SNAP-tag, BL-tag, and PYP-tag systems, and understanding the fluorescence behavior of the fluorescently labeled target protein in these systems. We also discuss the smart fluorogenic probes for these protein-labeling systems and their applications. The fluorogenic protein labeling will be a useful tool to investigate complex biological phenomena in future work on cell biology.
蛋白质是生命系统的重要组成部分，在各种生理功能中发挥着关键作用。蛋白质的荧光成像技术是监测蛋白质动态的有力工具。荧光蛋白（FP）标记方法常用于监测细胞内蛋白质的运动和相互作用。然而，也开发了替代方法，允许使用合成荧光探针来靶向感兴趣的蛋白质（POI）。与 FP 标记方法相比，合成荧光探针具有许多优势。它们的尺寸比荧光蛋白小，提供了各种各样的颜色，并且具有改进的光化学性质。有各种基于化学识别的标记技术可用于用合成探针标记 POI。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍蛋白质标记系统的发展，特别是 SNAP 标签、BL 标签和 PYP 标签系统，并了解这些系统中荧光标记靶蛋白的荧光行为。我们还讨论了这些蛋白质标记系统的智能荧光探针及其应用。荧光蛋白标记将是一个有用的工具，用于在未来的细胞生物学研究中研究复杂的生物学现象。
