School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2019 Aug;142:10-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.05.012. Epub 2019 May 29.
Neuroimaging evidence suggests that interoceptive processing might be altered in nicotine addiction, however this has not yet been confirmed with behavioural measures. Therefore, we investigated the perception of internal bodily states in smokers (n = 49) and people who had never smoked (n = 51), by measuring interoceptive accuracy (IAcc) and interoceptive sensibility (IS). IAcc was measured with a heartbeat tracking task and a heartbeat discrimination task. Performance on the heartbeat tracking task may be influenced by one's ability to estimate an elapsed time interval so this was controlled by also administering a time-estimation (TE) task. IS was measured using two sub-scales from the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA). All smokers completed the Revised Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND-R) to measure addiction severity. Non-smokers performed significantly better than smokers on the heartbeat tracking task. There were no significant group differences observed for the remaining variables. Furthermore, none of the variables predicted addiction severity. This is the first demonstration of behavioural differences in interoception between smokers and non-smokers.
神经影像学证据表明，在尼古丁成瘾中，内脏处理可能会发生改变，但这尚未通过行为测量得到证实。因此，我们通过测量内脏准确性（IAcc）和内脏敏感性（IS）来研究吸烟者（n=49）和从未吸烟的人的内部身体状态感知。IAcc 通过心跳跟踪任务和心跳辨别任务来测量。心跳跟踪任务的表现可能会受到一个人估计时间间隔的能力的影响，因此通过同时进行时间估计（TE）任务来控制这一点。IS 使用多维意识评估量表（MAIA）的两个子量表来测量。所有吸烟者都完成了修订后的尼古丁依赖量表（FTND-R）来衡量成瘾的严重程度。非吸烟者在心跳跟踪任务中的表现明显优于吸烟者。对于其余变量，没有观察到组间的显著差异。此外，没有任何变量可以预测成瘾的严重程度。这是首次在吸烟者和非吸烟者之间的内脏感知行为差异方面的证明。
