J Pediatr Health Care. 2019 Sep-Oct;33(5):561-567. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2019.02.010. Epub 2019 May 30.
Rates and relationships of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) of mothers in rural Haiti were examined. Prelacteal and complementary feedings were identified.
With a cross-sectional descriptive design, survey data from mothers (N = 195) were collected at three intervals after birth. Data were analyzed for indicators of EIBF, EBF, and complementary feedings.
Overall, 148 (75.9%) mothers reported EIBF, and 75 (38.5%) reported EBF. EIBF was associated with EBF, with an adjusted relative risk 1.35 (95% confidence interval = [0.84, 2.18]). Several nutritive and nonnutritive substances interrupted EBF during the first 6 months of life.
Haiti has an under-five mortality rate of 67.0/1,000 live births, exceeding the mean of 46.5/1,000 live births for developing regions. Both EIBF and EBF are associated with decreased neonatal and early infant mortality. Country-specific data are needed to inform and develop breastfeeding initiatives and community-level campaigns to improve the prevalence of EIBF and EBF in Haiti.
本研究旨在调查海地农村地区母亲早期开始母乳喂养（EIBF）和纯母乳喂养（EBF）的比例及其相关关系，并识别了开奶前喂养和补充喂养的情况。
采用横断面描述性设计，在产后三个时间点收集了 195 名母亲的调查数据。对 EIBF、EBF 和补充喂养的指标进行了数据分析。
总体而言，148 名（75.9%）母亲报告了 EIBF，75 名（38.5%）母亲报告了 EBF。EIBF 与 EBF 相关，调整后的相对风险为 1.35（95%置信区间 [0.84, 2.18]）。在生命的头 6 个月中，有几种营养和非营养物质会中断 EBF。
海地的五岁以下儿童死亡率为 67.0/1000 活产，高于发展中地区 46.5/1000 活产的平均水平。EIBF 和 EBF 均与降低新生儿和婴儿早期死亡率有关。需要针对特定国家的数据来为母乳喂养计划和社区层面的宣传提供信息，以提高海地 EIBF 和 EBF 的普及率。
