Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Emory University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020 Aug 5;20(1):448. doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-03151-z.
Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is defined as initiation of breastfeeding within 1 h of birth. This is also the time colostrum is secreted with its potential benefits. Globally, two out of five under 5 children die in the first month of life, more than a third of which being on the first day. Neonatal mortality is still a major health problem in Ethiopia. EIBF and colostrum feeding are associated with decreased neonatal morbidity and mortality. With this study, we aim to determine the magnitude and factors associated with EIBF and colostrum avoidance.
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2016 on 390 mothers in Afar region. Bivariate logistic regression was used to identify the association between the independent and the outcome variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of EIBF and colostrum avoidance. The strength of the association was measured by odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Hosmer and Lemeshow test was used to test model goodness of fitness and multi-collinearity between independent variables was checked.
About 248(63.6%) respondents initiated breastfeeding within 1 h of birth. Mothers whose delivery was attended by a health professional had 4.75 times higher odds (AOR 4.75; 95% CI 1.71, 13.19) of EIBF as compared to those who were attended by others. Trust on nurses to provide pregnancy care (AOR 5.59; 95% CI 1.05, 29.8) was significantly associated with EIBF. About 300(76.9%) respondents discarded colostrum. Mothers who had no discussion with TBA on child nutrition were 6.6 times (AOR 6.63; 95% CI 1.43, 30.63) more likely to avoid colostrum than their counterparts.
More than one-third of infants didn't start breastfeeding within 1 h of birth and three-fourth of the mothers discarded colostrum. Therefore, it is important to develop and/or strengthen services/advice on EIBF including colostrum feeding. Promoting delivery by health professionals, discussion on child nutrition and building trust between mothers and health professionals can be important community interventions to encourage EIBF and colostrum feeding.
早期启动母乳喂养（EIBF）定义为在出生后 1 小时内开始母乳喂养。此时也会分泌初乳，具有潜在益处。在全球范围内，每五个五岁以下儿童中就有两个在生命的第一个月死亡，其中超过三分之一是在第一天。新生儿死亡率仍然是埃塞俄比亚的一个主要健康问题。EIBF 和初乳喂养与降低新生儿发病率和死亡率有关。通过这项研究，我们旨在确定 EIBF 和初乳回避的程度和相关因素。
2016 年 5 月至 6 月，在阿法尔地区对 390 名母亲进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。使用二变量逻辑回归来确定独立变量和结果变量之间的关联。使用多变量逻辑回归来确定 EIBF 和初乳回避的独立预测因素。关联的强度通过优势比和 95%置信区间来衡量，p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。Hosmer 和 Lemeshow 检验用于检验模型拟合优度，检查独立变量之间的多重共线性。
约 248（63.6%）名受访者在出生后 1 小时内开始母乳喂养。与由其他人接生的母亲相比，由卫生专业人员接生的母亲进行 EIBF 的可能性高 4.75 倍（OR 4.75；95%CI 1.71，13.19）。对护士提供妊娠护理的信任（OR 5.59；95%CI 1.05，29.8）与 EIBF 显著相关。约 300（76.9%）名受访者丢弃了初乳。与与 TBA 就儿童营养进行讨论的母亲相比，没有与 TBA 就儿童营养进行讨论的母亲避免初乳的可能性高 6.6 倍（OR 6.63；95%CI 1.43，30.63）。
超过三分之一的婴儿在出生后 1 小时内没有开始母乳喂养，四分之三的母亲丢弃了初乳。因此，制定和/或加强有关 EIBF 包括初乳喂养的服务/建议非常重要。促进由卫生专业人员接生、讨论儿童营养问题以及在母亲和卫生专业人员之间建立信任，这些都可以作为鼓励 EIBF 和初乳喂养的重要社区干预措施。
