Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan.
Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Immunol. 2019 May 17;10:1098. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01098. eCollection 2019.
UNLABELLED: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) migrate between lymphoid and peripheral tissues for maintaining immune homeostasis. Tissue-specific function and functional heterogeneity of Tregs have been suggested, however, correlation between them and inter-tissue movement remain unknown. We used a contact hypersensitivity model of mice expressing a photoconvertible protein for tracking migratory cells. After marking cells in skin, we purified Tregs exhibiting a different migration pattern [Tregs recruiting to or remaining in the skin and emigrating from the skin to draining lymph nodes (dLNs) within half a day] and examined single-cell gene and protein expression profiles. Correlation and unsupervised clustering analyses revealed that Tregs in both skin and dLNs comprised two subpopulations, one highly expressing Nrp1 with variable CD25, Granzyme B, and/or CTLA-4 expression and another with 3 subsets strongly expressing CD25, Granzyme B, or CTLA-4 together with CD39. Characteristic subsets of Tregs remaining in the skin displayed higher CD25 and CD39 expression and lower Granzyme B and CTLA-4 expression compared with Tregs migrating to the skin. In addition, CCR5 expression in Tregs in skin was positively and negatively correlated with CD39 and Nrp-1 expression, respectively. To assess the predictive value of these data for immunotherapy, we blocked CCR5 signaling and found modest downregulation of CD39 and modest upregulation of Nrp1 expression in skin Tregs. Our data reveal a high functional diversity of Tregs in skin that is strongly related to trafficking behavior, particularly skin retention. Modulation of tissue-specific trafficking and function is a promising clinical strategy against autoimmune, infectious, and neoplastic diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for maintaining immune homeostasis. To reveal tissue-specific immunoinhibitory functions and inter-tissue movement correlation based on Treg functional heterogeneity, we examined single-cell gene and protein expression profiles of Tregs recruited to, remaining in, or emigrating from the contact hypersensitivity-induced inflamed skin. Tregs in skin were composed of several subpopulations; one with high Nrp1 expression and another with 3 subsets strongly expressing CD25, Granzyme B, or CTLA-4 together with CD39. Tregs remaining in skin displayed highCD25, CD39, and CCR5 expression, and CCR5 signaling blockade downregulated CD39. A high Treg functional diversity in skin is strongly related to trafficking behavior. Tissue-specific trafficking and functional modulation are a promising clinical strategy against autoimmune, infectious, and neoplastic diseases.
未标记:调节性 T 细胞(Tregs)在淋巴组织和外周组织之间迁移,以维持免疫稳态。已经提出了 Tregs 的组织特异性功能和功能异质性,但是它们之间的相关性和组织间迁移仍然未知。我们使用表达光可转换蛋白的小鼠接触超敏反应模型来跟踪迁移细胞。在标记皮肤细胞后,我们纯化了表现出不同迁移模式的 Tregs(在半天内招募到皮肤或仍留在皮肤中并从皮肤迁移到引流淋巴结(dLNs)的 Tregs),并检查了单细胞基因和蛋白质表达谱。相关性和无监督聚类分析显示,皮肤和 dLN 中的 Tregs 均包含两个亚群,一个高度表达 NRP1,而 CD25、颗粒酶 B 和/或 CTLA-4 的表达可变,另一个亚群强烈表达 CD25、颗粒酶 B 或 CTLA-4,同时表达 CD39。与迁移到皮肤的 Tregs 相比,留在皮肤中的 Tregs 的特征亚群表现出更高的 CD25 和 CD39 表达以及更低的颗粒酶 B 和 CTLA-4 表达。此外,Tregs 中 CCR5 的表达与 CD39 和 Nrp-1 的表达呈正相关和负相关。为了评估这些数据对免疫治疗的预测价值,我们阻断了 CCR5 信号,发现皮肤 Tregs 中的 CD39 表达下调,而 Nrp1 表达上调。我们的数据揭示了皮肤中 Tregs 的高度功能多样性,这与迁移行为密切相关,尤其是皮肤保留。调节组织特异性迁移和功能是针对自身免疫、感染和肿瘤疾病的一种很有前途的临床策略。
意义表述:调节性 T 细胞(Tregs)对于维持免疫稳态至关重要。为了揭示基于 Treg 功能异质性的组织特异性免疫抑制功能和组织间迁移相关性,我们检查了招募到、留在或从接触超敏反应诱导的炎症皮肤中迁移的 Treg 的单细胞基因和蛋白质表达谱。皮肤中的 Tregs 由几个亚群组成;一个具有高 NRP1 表达,另一个具有 3 个亚群,强烈表达 CD25、颗粒酶 B 或 CTLA-4 以及 CD39。留在皮肤中的 Tregs 表现出高 CD25、CD39 和 CCR5 表达,阻断 CCR5 信号可下调 CD39。皮肤中 Treg 的高度功能多样性与迁移行为密切相关。组织特异性迁移和功能调节是针对自身免疫、感染和肿瘤疾病的一种很有前途的临床策略。
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