White Carolynne, Lentin Primrose, Farnworth Louise
Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University, Frankston, Australia.
Scand J Occup Ther. 2020 Jan;27(1):56-65. doi: 10.1080/11038128.2019.1624818. Epub 2019 Jun 8.
A growing number of adults experience chronic conditions and related disability. However, a limited understanding of the activities and occupations of this population reduces the capacity of occupational therapists to deliver person-centred, occupation-based care. To investigate the activities and occupations of adults living with chronic conditions. Sixteen adults with multiple chronic conditions participated in two semi-structured interviews at their home or health center. Grounded theory methods were used to analyze data and construct a conceptual understanding of human occupation. Human occupation was conceptualized as doing activities and actions with meaning, in the context of one's life, health condition(s), and world. Three, two-dimensional categories of meaning were developed from the data: (i) connecting/reconnecting and disconnecting; (ii) caring and harming; and (iii) contributing and detracting. The findings present a complex, dynamic and multifaceted understanding of the activities and occupations of adults living with chronic conditions. This study demonstrates the value of exploring the experiences of actual or potential occupational therapy clients to refine the concept of human occupation. An in-depth knowledge of what people do is an essential foundation for person-centred, occupation-based practice.
越来越多的成年人患有慢性病及相关残疾。然而，对这一人群的活动和职业了解有限，降低了职业治疗师提供以患者为中心、基于职业的护理的能力。为了调查患有慢性病的成年人的活动和职业。16名患有多种慢性病的成年人在其家中或健康中心参加了两次半结构化访谈。采用扎根理论方法分析数据，并构建对人类职业的概念理解。人类职业被概念化为在一个人的生活、健康状况和世界背景下，进行有意义的活动和行动。从数据中得出了三个二维意义类别：（i）连接/重新连接和断开连接；（ii）关爱和伤害；（iii）贡献和减损。研究结果对患有慢性病的成年人的活动和职业提出了复杂、动态和多方面的理解。本研究证明了探索实际或潜在职业治疗客户的经历以完善人类职业概念的价值。深入了解人们的行为是以人为本、基于职业的实践的重要基础。
