Krech T, Wittelsbürger C
Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Virologie, Universität Düsseldorf.
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 1987 Jun;265(1-2):124-35.
A competitive passive hemagglutination assay (cPHA) easy to perform and a highly sensitive ELISA have been investigated for detection of diphtheria toxin from cultures and from human serum. The sensitivity of the cPHA (8 ng toxin/ml) was high enough to detect toxin in pure cultures containing C. diphtheriae. For this application the cPHA proved to be a simple and reproducible alternative to the Elek-Ouchterlony test. Toxin in culture filtrates of nasal and tonsillar swabs containing toxinogenic strains of C. diphtheriae together with germs of the physiological flora and toxin in serum can be detected with the more sensitive Biotin/Streptavidin ELISA (0.6 ng toxin/ml). This allows the confirmation of the clinical diagnosis "diphtheria" within 24-48 h.
为了检测培养物和人血清中的白喉毒素，人们研究了一种易于操作的竞争性被动血凝试验（cPHA）和一种高度灵敏的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）。cPHA的灵敏度（8纳克毒素/毫升）足以检测含有白喉棒状杆菌的纯培养物中的毒素。对于此应用，cPHA被证明是Elek-Ouchterlony试验的一种简单且可重复的替代方法。使用更灵敏的生物素/链霉亲和素ELISA（0.6纳克毒素/毫升），可以检测含产毒素白喉棒状杆菌菌株的鼻拭子和扁桃体拭子培养滤液中的毒素，连同生理菌群中的细菌以及血清中的毒素。这使得在24 - 48小时内就能确诊“白喉”的临床诊断。
